Lee Jung Sun, Weyant Robert J, Corby Patricia, Kritchevsky Stephen B, Harris Tamara B, Rooks Ronica, Rubin Susan M, Newman Anne B
Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Feb;79(2):295-302. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/79.2.295.
Edentulism may affect dietary intake in older adults, but the relation between edentulism and nutritional status is not completely understood.
The present study examined whether edentulism is associated with nutritional status and whether there is an interaction between race and edentulism on nutritional status among well-functioning, community-dwelling elderly.
The study cohort included 3075 elderly aged 70-79 y (52% women, 42% black) in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Dietary intake, anthropometric variables, weight change, and serum albumin and lipid concentrations were compared between edentate and dentate participants by the use of multiple linear and logistic regressions.
Edentulism was not associated with total energy or food intake but was associated with the food groups consumed, particularly fat, micronutrients, and hard-to-chew foods. Edentulism was more strongly linked to dietary intake in whites than in blacks. Unlike black edentate elderly, white edentate elderly consumed significantly lower energy-adjusted amounts of vitamin A and beta-carotene, higher amounts of energy-adjusted total and saturated fat and cholesterol, and higher percentages of energy from fat than did white dentate elderly. Anthropometry and biochemical indexes were not significantly different by edentulism status in both races. Edentulism was associated with weight gains of >5% in 1 y in both races.
Edentulism was associated with differences in the nutritional status of well-functioning, community-dwelling elderly, more so in whites than blacks. Edentate elders may benefit from dental, medical, and nutrition interventions targeted to addressing these findings.
无牙状态可能会影响老年人的饮食摄入，但无牙状态与营养状况之间的关系尚未完全明确。
本研究旨在探讨无牙状态是否与营养状况相关，以及在功能良好的社区居住老年人中，种族与无牙状态在营养状况方面是否存在交互作用。
研究队列包括健康、衰老和身体成分研究中3075名70 - 79岁的老年人（52%为女性，42%为黑人）。通过多元线性回归和逻辑回归比较无牙和有牙参与者的饮食摄入、人体测量变量、体重变化以及血清白蛋白和脂质浓度。
无牙状态与总能量或食物摄入量无关，但与所摄入的食物种类有关，特别是脂肪、微量营养素和难以咀嚼的食物。无牙状态与白人饮食摄入的关联比黑人更强。与有牙的黑人老年人不同，无牙的白人老年人摄入的能量调整后的维生素A和β-胡萝卜素量显著更低，能量调整后的总脂肪、饱和脂肪和胆固醇量更高，且脂肪供能百分比更高。在两个种族中，无牙状态对人体测量和生化指标均无显著差异。无牙状态与两个种族中1年内体重增加超过5%有关。
无牙状态与功能良好的社区居住老年人的营养状况差异相关，在白人中比黑人更明显。无牙老年人可能受益于针对这些发现的牙科、医学和营养干预措施。
