Bukhary Dalea M
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 29;15(9):e46182. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46182. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a globally prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Its complications significantly impact both the quality and longevity of the patient's life with a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Missing teeth make individuals more susceptible to malnutrition compared to those with functional teeth. This is especially true for people with diabetes, as the condition is closely linked to both oral health and food intake. Natural teeth loss can significantly reduce an individual's ability to chew food, leading to a decrease in the quality and quantity of their nutrition. Prosthodontics is a dental specialty that replaces missing teeth with artificial ones. Replacing missing teeth may prevent the risk of malnutrition due to decreased ability to chew. Good oral health is important for overall health, especially for those with conditions such as diabetes. Artificial teeth replacement may improve nutrition intake by improving chewing ability. Therefore, the ultimate objective of rehabilitating a patient's oral cavity is to replace the shape and function in terms of chewing performance to a degree that is as close to normal as feasible. The purpose of this review is to explore the literature showing the link between natural teeth loss and nutrition in individuals with DM, with a special focus on prosthodontic management. Several oral complications occur in diabetic patients specifically teeth loss, which in turn affects mastication function. This in turn cause malnutrition and affect glucose level. It is imperative for healthcare providers to take an interdisciplinary approach in order to improve the dental and nutritional status and overall well-being of DM patients.
糖尿病（DM）是一种全球流行的内分泌和代谢紊乱疾病，其特征为高血糖。它的并发症对患者的生活质量和寿命都有显著影响，给医疗系统带来了沉重负担。与牙齿功能正常的人相比，牙齿缺失会使个体更容易出现营养不良。对于糖尿病患者来说尤其如此，因为这种疾病与口腔健康和食物摄入都密切相关。天然牙齿缺失会显著降低个体咀嚼食物的能力，导致营养质量和数量下降。口腔修复学是一门用假牙替代缺失牙齿的牙科专业。替换缺失牙齿可能会预防因咀嚼能力下降而导致的营养不良风险。良好的口腔健康对整体健康很重要，特别是对于患有糖尿病等疾病的人。人工牙齿替换可以通过提高咀嚼能力来改善营养摄入。因此，修复患者口腔的最终目标是在咀嚼性能方面尽可能接近正常地恢复其形状和功能。本综述的目的是探讨显示糖尿病患者天然牙齿缺失与营养之间联系的文献，特别关注口腔修复治疗。糖尿病患者会出现几种口腔并发症，特别是牙齿缺失，这反过来又会影响咀嚼功能。这进而导致营养不良并影响血糖水平。医疗保健提供者必须采取跨学科方法，以改善糖尿病患者的牙齿和营养状况以及整体健康。
