Benad G
Anaesthesiol Reanim. 2003;28(6):156-63.
On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the "German Society of Anaesthesiology" (DGA)--later called "German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine" (DGAI)--which was founded on 10 April 1953, and in memory of the foundation of the "Section of Anaesthesiology", which was founded in East-Berlin ten years later on 25 October 1963 and later called "Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy of the GDR" (GAIT), the development of relations between German anaesthetists and anaesthesiological societies in East Europe are described. The limited economic base of the medical-technical and pharmaceutical industries, a chronic lack of hard currencies and economic and political restrictions on travel activities by East German and East European anaesthetists to West European countries resulted in improved contacts between East German and East European anaesthesiological societies. This, in turn, led to the holding of "International Anaesthesiological Congresses" of the so-called socialist countries and "Bilateral Symposia of the Anaesthesiological Societies of Czechoslovakia and the GDR" and also bilateral meetings of nurses of anaesthesiology and intensive therapy from both countries. These congresses and in particular the "3rd European Congress of Anaesthesiology", which was hosted by the "Czechoslovak Society of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation" in Prague in 1970, were of high value for the further development of anaesthesiology in these countries. Furthermore, congresses held in East Europe but outside the GDR, were especially important for meetings between East German anaesthetists and their West German colleagues, who regularly took part in these congresses as invited speakers, because West German anaesthetists were not allowed to participate in East German anaesthesia congresses, on the one hand, and East Germans were not allowed to attend West German anaesthesia congresses, on the other. There were also regular meetings of the boards of East European anaesthesia societies in order to discuss the further development of anaesthesiology as an independent new academic field of medicine. Both East and West German anaesthetists were very often invited as guest lecturers by various East European societies and anaesthesiological departments. They were always deeply impressed by the tremendous hospitality of their hosts. During the "Cold War", many anaesthetists from East European countries were also invited as guests by anaesthesia departments of East and West Germany. Most of the East European anaesthetists preferred West German departments because they were better equipped and some of them used these trips to the West also to escape from communism. Shortly before and mainly after the political changes in 1989 and the dissolving of the "Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy of the GDR" in 1990, the "German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine" improved its contacts to the East European anaesthesiological societies. The "Bavarian Section" of the "German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine" organized joint meetings with the Romanian, Bulgarian, Latvian and Russian societies of anaesthesiology in Bucharest (1987), Riga (1989), Moscow (1989) and Sofia (1991). In 1996, an "Association of German and Russian Anaesthetists" (ADRA) was founded in Moscow, which now has both a German (Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Joachim Nadstawek/Bonn) and a Russian (Prof. Dr. Armen Buniatian/Moscow) President. The German members of this association, in particular its Secretary-General, Prof. Dr. Reinhard Purschke/Dortmund, organize postgraduate courses including theoretical lectures and practical work not only in Russia but also in Armenia and Usbekistan.
值此“德国麻醉学会”（DGA，后更名为“德国麻醉与重症医学学会”，DGAI）成立50周年之际（该学会于1953年4月10日成立），以及为纪念“麻醉学分会”成立（该分会于10年后的1963年10月25日在东柏林成立，后更名为“民主德国麻醉与重症治疗学会”，GAIT），本文描述了德国麻醉医师与东欧麻醉学学会之间关系的发展。医疗技术和制药行业的经济基础有限、硬通货长期短缺以及民主德国和东欧麻醉医师前往西欧国家旅行活动受到经济和政治限制，促使民主德国与东欧麻醉学学会之间的联系得到加强。这反过来又促成了所谓社会主义国家的“国际麻醉学大会”以及“捷克斯洛伐克和民主德国麻醉学学会双边研讨会”的召开，还有两国麻醉学和重症治疗护士的双边会议。这些大会，尤其是1970年由“捷克斯洛伐克麻醉学与复苏学会”在布拉格主办的“第三届欧洲麻醉学大会”，对这些国家麻醉学的进一步发展具有很高价值。此外，在东欧但不在民主德国境内召开的大会，对民主德国麻醉医师与其西德同行之间的会面尤为重要，西德麻醉医师经常作为受邀演讲者参加这些大会，因为一方面西德麻醉医师不被允许参加民主德国的麻醉学大会，另一方面民主德国的麻醉医师也不被允许参加西德的麻醉学大会。东欧麻醉学学会的理事会也定期召开会议，以讨论麻醉学作为一个独立的新兴医学学术领域的进一步发展。东德和西德的麻醉医师经常被东欧的各个学会和麻醉学系邀请作为客座讲师。他们总是对东道主的盛情款待印象深刻。在“冷战”期间，许多东欧国家的麻醉医师也受到东德和西德麻醉学系的邀请作为客人。大多数东欧麻醉医师更喜欢西德的科室，因为其设备更好，而且他们中的一些人还利用这些前往西德的机会逃离共产主义。在1989年政治变革前不久以及主要在1990年“民主德国麻醉与重症治疗学会”解散之后，“德国麻醉与重症医学学会”加强了与东欧麻醉学学会的联系。“德国麻醉与重症医学学会”的“巴伐利亚分会”在布加勒斯特（1987年）、里加（1989年）、莫斯科（1989年）和索非亚（1991年）与罗马尼亚、保加利亚、拉脱维亚和俄罗斯的麻醉学学会组织了联合会议。1996年，在莫斯科成立了“德国和俄罗斯麻醉医师协会”（ADRA），该协会现在有一位德国主席（Joachim Nadstawek教授，博士，荣誉博士，波恩）和一位俄罗斯主席（Armen Buniatian教授，博士，莫斯科）。该协会的德国成员尤其是其秘书长Reinhard Purschke教授，博士（多特蒙德）不仅在俄罗斯，而且在亚美尼亚和乌兹别克斯坦组织包括理论讲座和实践工作的研究生课程。
