Simooya O, Mutetwa S, Chandiwana S, Neill P, Mharakurwa S, Stein M
Medical School, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Cent Afr J Med. 1992 Jul;38(7):257-63.
Forty-seven patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were randomly assigned to receive either artemether (n = 24), 9.6 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly over five days or chloroquine (n = 23), 25 mg/kg body weight orally. Patients were kept in hospital for seven days followed by review on days 14, 21 and 28. Five patients on chloroquine were withdrawn before day seven due to treatment failure. Of the remaining patients, parasite clearance time was 33.0 +/- 13.6 hours for the artemether group and 63.3 +/- 14.7 hours for patients on chloroquine (p < 0.001). No significant difference was recorded in fever clearance time between the two groups of patients. Recrudescence rate for patients on artemether was 14.3 pc compared to 57.1 pc for the chloroquine group (p < 0.05). No major adverse events were recorded for either treatment group although five patients on artemether had a transient spike of temperature after clearance of parasitaemia. In conclusion, our study has shown that no major adverse events were experienced by patients on artemether and the rate of parasite clearance for the artemether group was superior to that of patients on chloroquine.
47例非复杂性恶性疟患者被随机分配接受蒿甲醚治疗（n = 24），以9.6mg/kg体重肌肉注射，持续五天；或接受氯喹治疗（n = 23），以25mg/kg体重口服。患者住院七天，随后在第14、21和28天进行复查。五名接受氯喹治疗的患者因治疗失败在第七天前退出。在其余患者中，蒿甲醚组的寄生虫清除时间为33.0±13.6小时，氯喹治疗患者为63.3±14.7小时（p < 0.001）。两组患者的发热清除时间无显著差异。蒿甲醚治疗患者的复发率为14.3%，而氯喹组为57.1%（p < 0.05）。尽管五名接受蒿甲醚治疗的患者在寄生虫血症清除后出现短暂体温峰值，但两个治疗组均未记录到重大不良事件。总之，我们的研究表明，接受蒿甲醚治疗的患者未出现重大不良事件，且蒿甲醚组的寄生虫清除率优于氯喹治疗患者。
