Haddad J, Gut J P, Lokiec F
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Néonatalogie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1992 Sep;40(7):724-8.
Varicella occurs in 0.7 to 0.13% of pregnant women. The risk of transmission of the varicella-zoster virus to the fetus is small. The virus causes malformations (cutaneous scars and above all central nervous system anomalies). Mother-to-offspring transmission is more common during the perinatal period (20%), when mild or severe (fatal in 20% of cases) congenital varicella may occur. Prevention of transmission of the varicella-zoster virus from the mother to her fetus or neonate rests on detection of fetal varicella (antenatal ultrasonography, fetal IgM assays) and on administration of both specific anti-VZ virus immune globulins and acyclovir to the mother and neonate during the perinatal period.
0.7%至0.13%的孕妇会感染水痘。水痘-带状疱疹病毒传播给胎儿的风险较小。该病毒会导致畸形（皮肤瘢痕，尤其是中枢神经系统异常）。母婴传播在围产期更为常见（20%），此时可能会发生轻度或重度先天性水痘（20%的病例会致命）。预防水痘-带状疱疹病毒从母亲传播给胎儿或新生儿，在于检测胎儿水痘（产前超声检查、胎儿IgM检测），以及在围产期给母亲和新生儿注射特异性抗VZ病毒免疫球蛋白和阿昔洛韦。
