Grosclaude P, Roumagnac M
Cancers du Tarn, Chemin des Trois, Albi.
Ann Urol (Paris). 1992;26(5):294-300.
Prostatic cancer is frequent in elderly men. The incidence of "clinical" cancer varies greatly in different regions of the world. The highest incidences have been reported in black populations in North America and the lowest incidences are observed in Asian populations. "Subclinical" cancer is much more frequent than "clinical" cancer. Among the subclinical forms, the prevalence of carcinoma in situ varies only slightly from one region to another and is constant beyond the age of 40 years. Different aetiological factors are therefore probably involved in these two forms of prostatic cancer. The corrected 5-year survival for all patients with prostatic cancer in France is 41 to 47%. These poor results can probably be attributed to the very advanced stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Dietary, toxic, infectious, hormonal and genetic factors have been suggested in the aetiology of prostatic cancer, but the results of the various studies conducted are sometimes contradictory. In the absence of any known risk factors, primary prevention cannot be envisaged. Secondary prevention by means of screening raises certain problems due to the poor understanding of the natural history of the disease.
前列腺癌在老年男性中很常见。“临床”癌症的发病率在世界不同地区差异很大。据报道，北美黑人人群的发病率最高，而亚洲人群的发病率最低。“亚临床”癌症比“临床”癌症更为常见。在亚临床形式中，原位癌的患病率在不同地区之间变化不大，且在40岁以后保持稳定。因此，这两种前列腺癌形式可能涉及不同的病因因素。法国所有前列腺癌患者的校正5年生存率为41%至47%。这些糟糕的结果可能归因于诊断时疾病已处于非常晚期。饮食、毒性、感染、激素和遗传因素都被认为与前列腺癌的病因有关，但各项研究的结果有时相互矛盾。在没有任何已知风险因素的情况下，无法设想进行一级预防。由于对疾病自然史的了解不足，通过筛查进行二级预防会引发一些问题。
