Kowatch R A, Schnoll S S, Knisely J S, Green D, Elswick R K
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9070.
J Addict Dis. 1992;11(4):21-45. doi: 10.1300/J069v11n04_03.
We report on nine patients between the ages of 21 and 39 years who were admitted to an inpatient substance abuse treatment unit for cocaine treatment. The patients' sleep was studied in the laboratory for 4 nights during the first week, and 2 nights during the second and third weeks of their hospitalization. Daily mood ratings, cocaine craving scores and sleep logs were also recorded on each patient. During the first week of withdrawal, these patients had a markedly shortened REM latency, an increased REM sleep percentage, a very high REM density and a long total sleep period time. During the third week, REM latencies were very short and total percentage of REM sleep was increased. By week three of withdrawal the sleep continuity pattern was similar to that found in chronic insomnia, with a long sleep latency, an abnormally increased total time awake after sleep onset and a poor sleep efficiency. The subjects' ratings of cocaine craving, total POMS scores and depression fell precipitously after the first week of withdrawal and were at sub-clinical levels by week three of withdrawal.
我们报告了9名年龄在21至39岁之间的患者，他们因可卡因成瘾而入住住院药物滥用治疗单元接受治疗。在住院的第一周，对患者的睡眠进行了4个晚上的实验室研究，在第二周和第三周各进行了2个晚上的研究。还记录了每位患者的每日情绪评分、对可卡因的渴望程度评分和睡眠日志。在戒断的第一周，这些患者的快速眼动（REM）潜伏期明显缩短，REM睡眠百分比增加，REM睡眠密度非常高，总睡眠时间延长。在第三周，REM潜伏期非常短，REM睡眠的总百分比增加。到戒断第三周时，睡眠连续性模式与慢性失眠患者相似，睡眠潜伏期长，入睡后清醒总时间异常增加，睡眠效率低下。在戒断第一周后，受试者对可卡因的渴望程度评分、POMS总分和抑郁评分急剧下降，到戒断第三周时已处于亚临床水平。
