Kieser J A, Groeneveld H T
Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Witwatersrand University, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Anat. 1992 Jun;180 ( Pt 3)(Pt 3):419-24.
The relationships between mandibular and dental measurements were investigated in a sample of 60 adult domestic dogs, 17 black-backed jackals Canis mesomelas, 18 side-striped jackals C. adustus and 16 Cape foxes Vulpes chama. Standard mesiodistal and buccolingual tooth measurements, together with 8 mandibular measurements (intercondylar distance, intercarnassial breadth, mandibular length, arch length, condylar height, canine-condylar length, mandibular width, mandibular height) were scaled allometrically to total skull length. Despite wide differences in diet and sexual dimorphism between the 3 wild canid species, larger canids were found to be scaled up versions of smaller canids. While males showed a highly concordant patterning when compared with domestic dogs of equivalent size, females showed a remarkably mosaic pattern. Relative to skull size, the only teeth that appear to be larger than those of equivalently sized domestic dogs were the second molars. It is suggested that those theories of sexual dimorphism and functional integration which apply to skeletodental dimensions in primates may not be applicable to canids.
在一个包含60只成年家养犬、17只黑背胡狼（Canis mesomelas）、18只侧纹胡狼（C. adustus）和16只南非狐（Vulpes chama）的样本中，研究了下颌与牙齿测量值之间的关系。标准的近远中向和颊舌向牙齿测量值，以及8项下颌测量值（髁间距离、裂齿间宽度、下颌长度、牙弓长度、髁突高度、犬齿-髁突长度、下颌宽度、下颌高度）均与总颅骨长度进行了异速生长缩放。尽管这3种野生犬科动物在饮食和两性异形方面存在很大差异，但发现较大的犬科动物是较小犬科动物的放大版本。与同等大小的家养犬相比，雄性呈现出高度一致的模式，而雌性则呈现出明显的镶嵌模式。相对于颅骨大小，唯一似乎比同等大小家养犬的牙齿更大的是第二磨牙。有人提出，那些适用于灵长类动物骨骼牙齿尺寸的两性异形和功能整合理论可能不适用于犬科动物。
