Moore E, Kuipers L
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1992 Nov;27(6):298-303. doi: 10.1007/BF00788902.
Staff members working in community facilities for patients with long-standing mental illness were assessed using a modification of the Camberwell Family Interview designed to measure their attitudes towards their key patients. This enabled an evaluation of their levels of expressed emotion (EE). Staff members and their patients took part in a direct interaction task 2-4 weeks later. This was deliberately focused on low-conflict issues, and each interaction was audiotaped. The presence of the nuclear symptoms of schizophrenia in the mixed diagnosis sample was the only patient attribute associated with high-EE attitudes. Staff rated high in EE were more likely than low-EE staff to make negative statments during the interaction, and less likely to make supportive ones. Patients with low-EE keyworkers were more likely to volunteer statements of self-affirmation during the interaction. Low-EE staff tended to focus on positive aspects of the patient's life. During interviews and interactions, low-EE keyworkers did not dwell on their own negative feelings (if any) or on those expressed by the patient. This characteristic is probably a salient feature of successful therapeutic relations with clients suffering from long-term mental illness.
在为患有长期精神疾病的患者提供服务的社区机构工作的工作人员，使用经过修改的坎伯韦尔家庭访谈法进行评估，该访谈法旨在衡量他们对主要患者的态度。这使得能够评估他们的情感表达水平（EE）。工作人员及其患者在2至4周后参与了一项直接互动任务。该任务特意聚焦于低冲突问题，并且每次互动都进行了录音。在混合诊断样本中，精神分裂症核心症状的存在是与高情感表达态度相关的唯一患者属性。情感表达得分高的工作人员在互动中比情感表达得分低的工作人员更有可能做出负面陈述，而做出支持性陈述的可能性较小。情感表达得分低的关键工作人员的患者在互动中更有可能主动做出自我肯定的陈述。情感表达得分低的工作人员倾向于关注患者生活的积极方面。在访谈和互动过程中，情感表达得分低的关键工作人员不会详述他们自己的负面情绪（如果有的话）或患者表达的负面情绪。这一特征可能是与患有长期精神疾病的客户建立成功治疗关系的一个显著特点。
