Hooley J M, Teasdale J D
J Abnorm Psychol. 1989 Aug;98(3):229-35. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.98.3.229.
The predictive validity of expressed emotion (EE) and two conceptually related but more easily measured alternatives--marital distress, and patients' perceptions of criticism from spouses--were examined in a sample of hospitalized unipolar depressives. All three psychosocial variables were significantly associated with 9-month relapse rates. Expressed emotion and marital distress predicted the same proportion of variance in patients' outcomes. The single best predictor of relapse, however, was a patient's response to the question "How critical is your spouse of you?" Patients who relapsed rated their spouses as significantly more critical than did patients who remained well. Alone, the perceived criticism variable accounted for more of the variance in relapse rates than that explained by EE and marital distress combined. The results suggest that asking depressed patients how critical they believe their relatives are may facilitate the identification of individuals at high risk for relapse subsequent to hospital discharge.
在一组住院的单相抑郁症患者样本中，研究了表达性情绪（EE）以及两个概念相关但更易于测量的替代指标——婚姻困扰和患者对配偶批评的感知——的预测效度。所有这三个社会心理变量均与9个月的复发率显著相关。表达性情绪和婚姻困扰在预测患者预后方面所解释的方差比例相同。然而，复发的最佳单一预测指标是患者对“你的配偶对你有多挑剔？”这个问题的回答。复发的患者认为其配偶比病情未复发的患者明显更挑剔。仅感知到的批评这一变量，在复发率方差中所占的比例就超过了表达性情绪和婚姻困扰两者所解释的方差之和。结果表明，询问抑郁症患者他们认为亲属有多挑剔，可能有助于识别出院后复发风险较高的个体。
