Nishigori H, Mizumura M, Iwatsuru M
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Kanagawa, Japan.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 1992 Oct-Dec;8(4):255-65. doi: 10.1007/BF00156734.
The possibilities of using developing chick embryos for evaluating drug activities and toxicities were studied by determining LD50 values for 20 drugs with 14 different pharmacological activities. Fifteen-day old chick embryos received drugs through the air cell and deaths were measured at 48 hr after the treatments. The LD50 values were determined and compared to the i.v., i.p., s.c. and p.o. values from mice listed in the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substance. The systemic toxicity of 15-day-old chick embryos to drugs were similar to those of mice with the following exceptions. The chick embryos seemed to be more sensitive than mice to antineoplastic or antibiotic agents such as actinomycin D and doxorubicin, whereas, LD50 values of cholinergic and cholinergic blocking drugs by this method were 10 to 20 fold of LD50 (i.v.) of mice. These observations are important for applying the hen's fertile screening test (HEST) to the determination of drug activities other than that of embryo toxicity or teratogenic activity.
通过测定具有14种不同药理活性的20种药物的半数致死量（LD50）值，研究了利用发育中的鸡胚评估药物活性和毒性的可能性。15日龄鸡胚通过气室接受药物，并在处理后48小时测量死亡情况。确定了LD50值，并与《化学物质毒性效应登记册》中列出的小鼠静脉注射、腹腔注射、皮下注射和口服的值进行比较。15日龄鸡胚对药物的全身毒性与小鼠相似，但有以下例外。鸡胚似乎比小鼠对抗肿瘤或抗生素药物如放线菌素D和阿霉素更敏感，而通过这种方法测定的胆碱能和胆碱能阻断药物的LD50值是小鼠静脉注射LD50的10至20倍。这些观察结果对于将母鸡受精筛选试验（HEST）应用于除胚胎毒性或致畸活性以外的药物活性测定具有重要意义。
