Yamamoto Junichi, Ikeda Akio, Satow Takeshi, Matsuhashi Masao, Baba Koichi, Yamane Fumitaka, Miyamoto Susumu, Mihara Tadahiro, Hori Tomokatsu, Taki Waro, Hashimoto Nobuo, Shibasaki Hiroshi
Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
Brain. 2004 Apr;127(Pt 4):873-87. doi: 10.1093/brain/awh110. Epub 2004 Feb 11.
We studied the generator location of premovement subcomponents of movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) [Bereitschaftspotential (BP), negative slope (NS') and motor potential (MP)] associated with voluntary, self-paced horizontal saccade in the human frontal lobe. Self-paced horizontal saccade, wrist (or middle finger) extension and foot dorsiflexion were employed in 10 patients (lateral surface of the frontal lobe in seven and mesial in three) as part of the presurgical evaluation, and data of five patients (lateral in four and mesial in three) were used in the final analysis. On the lateral frontal lobe, the maximum BP, NS' or MP with horizontal saccade was seen at or 1-2 cm rostral to the hand, arm or face area of the primary motor cortex (MI) in all four subjects investigated. This area exactly corresponded to the frontal eye field (FEF) identified by electrical stimulation. The amplitude of MRCPs with saccade was smaller than that with hand movements. On the mesial surface, within the supplementary motor area (SMA) proper, BP and/or NS' for horizontal saccade was located 1-2 cm rostral to that for hand and foot movements. BP and/or NS' delineated the supplementary eye field (SEF) at the rostral part of the SMA proper, and SEF partly overlapped with the hand and foot areas of the SMA proper. At the area just rostral to the vertical anterior commissure line and/or the pre-SMA defined by electrical stimulation, BP and/or NS' was seen invariably, regardless of the sites of movements, and in contrast with the SMA proper, there was no somatotopic representation. No clear MPs were elicited by eye movements on the mesial surface. In one of the two subjects whose MRCPs with horizontal saccade were recorded simultaneously from the lateral and mesial surfaces of the frontal lobe, BP from the SEF and pre-SMA preceded that from the FEF. It is concluded that MRCPs with horizontal saccade are useful for defining the FEF, SEF and pre-SMA, and that the SEF and pre-SMA become active in preparation for horizontal saccade earlier than the FEF.
我们研究了与人类额叶中自愿、自定节奏的水平扫视相关的运动相关皮层电位（MRCPs）[ Bereitschaftspotential（BP）、负斜率（NS'）和运动电位（MP）]的运动前亚成分的发生器位置。作为术前评估的一部分，对10例患者进行了自定节奏的水平扫视、腕部（或中指）伸展和足部背屈（7例位于额叶外侧表面，3例位于内侧），最终分析采用了5例患者（4例位于外侧，3例位于内侧）的数据。在额叶外侧，在所有4例被研究对象中，水平扫视时最大的BP、NS'或MP出现在初级运动皮层（MI）手部、手臂或面部区域或其前方1 - 2厘米处。该区域恰好对应于通过电刺激确定的额叶眼区（FEF）。扫视时MRCPs的振幅小于手部运动时的振幅。在内侧表面，在辅助运动区（SMA）内，水平扫视的BP和/或NS'位于手部和足部运动的BP和/或NS'前方1 - 2厘米处。BP和/或NS'在SMA内侧的前部划定了辅助眼区（SEF），并且SEF部分与SMA内侧的手部和足部区域重叠。在垂直前连合线前方和/或通过电刺激定义的前辅助运动区（pre-SMA）的区域，无论运动部位如何，总是能看到BP和/或NS'，与SMA内侧不同，这里没有躯体定位表征。在内侧表面，眼动未引出明确的MP。在从额叶外侧和内侧表面同时记录水平扫视MRCPs的2例受试者中的1例中，SEF和pre-SMA的BP先于FEF的BP出现。结论是，水平扫视的MRCPs有助于确定FEF、SEF和pre-SMA，并且SEF和pre-SMA在为水平扫视做准备时比FEF更早激活。
