Sánchez C
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Apartado Postal 129, Tlax. 90000 Tlaxcala, Mexico.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 Jun;64(6):756-62. doi: 10.1007/s00253-004-1569-7. Epub 2004 Feb 14.
The production and culture of new species of mushrooms is increasing. The breeding of new strains has significantly improved, allowing the use of strains with high yield and resistance to diseases, increasing productivity and diminishing the use of chemicals for pest control. The improvement and development of modern technologies, such as computerized control, automated mushroom harvesting, preparation of compost, production of mushrooms in a non-composted substrate, and new methods of substrate sterilization and spawn preparation, will increase the productivity of mushroom culture. All these aspects are crucial for the production of mushrooms with better flavor, appearance, texture, nutritional qualities, and medicinal properties at low cost. Mushroom culture is a biotechnological process that recycles ligninocellulosic wastes, since mushrooms are food for human consumption and the spent substrate can be used in different ways.
新型蘑菇的生产和培育正在增加。新菌株的培育有了显著改进，使得能够使用高产且抗病的菌株，提高了生产力并减少了用于害虫防治的化学药品的使用。现代技术的改进和发展，如计算机控制、蘑菇自动采收、堆肥制备、在非堆肥基质中生产蘑菇以及新的基质灭菌和菌种制备方法，将提高蘑菇栽培的生产力。所有这些方面对于以低成本生产出风味、外观、质地、营养品质和药用特性更佳的蘑菇至关重要。蘑菇栽培是一个回收木质纤维素废物的生物技术过程，因为蘑菇可供人类食用，而用过的基质还能以不同方式加以利用。
