Iturbe Rosario, Flores Rosa M, Flores Carlos R, Torres Luis G
Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Grupo Saneamiento de Suelos y Acuíferos, Coyoacán, México.
Environ Monit Assess. 2004 Feb;91(1-3):237-55. doi: 10.1023/b:emas.0000009239.55534.08.
The soil of a coastal Mexican refinery is quite contaminated, especially by hydrocarbons, with detected concentrations up to 130000 mg kg(-1) as TPHs (total petroleum hydrocarbons). The main sources of contamination are pipelines, valves, and old storage tanks, besides the land disposal of untreated hydrocarbon sediments derived from the cleaning of storage tanks. A health risk assessment (HRA) was carried out in order to measure the risk hazard indexes and clean-up standards for the refinery soil. HRA suggested the following actions to be taken: benzene concentrations must be reduced in eight of the 16 studied refinery zones to 0.0074-0.0078 mg kg(-1). Also, vanadium concentration must be reduced in two zones up to a concentration of 100 mg kg(-1). In only one of all of the studied zones, benzo(a)pyrene concentration must be reduced to 0.1 mg kg(-1). After 1 yr, TPHs showed a diminution of about 52%. Even though TPHs concentrations were variable, during 1999 the average concentrations were as much as 15.5 times the goal concentration. For year 2000, TPHs concentrations were only 7.4-fold the proposed value. For the 1999-2000 period, PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) concentrations decreased by 82%. Some PAHs with 2, 3, 4, and 5 aromatic rings were removed up to 100% values.
墨西哥沿海一家炼油厂的土壤受到严重污染，尤其是碳氢化合物污染，检测到的总石油烃（TPHs）浓度高达130000毫克/千克。污染的主要来源是管道、阀门和旧储油罐，此外还有未经处理的储油罐清洗产生的碳氢化合物沉积物的土地处置。为了测量炼油厂土壤的风险危害指数和清理标准，进行了健康风险评估（HRA）。HRA建议采取以下措施：在16个研究的炼油厂区域中的8个区域，苯浓度必须降至0.0074 - 0.0078毫克/千克。此外，两个区域的钒浓度必须降至100毫克/千克。在所有研究区域中，只有一个区域的苯并(a)芘浓度必须降至0.1毫克/千克。1年后，TPHs减少了约52%。尽管TPHs浓度各不相同，但在1999年，平均浓度高达目标浓度的15.5倍。2000年，TPHs浓度仅为建议值的7.4倍。在1999 - 2000年期间，多环芳烃（PAHs）浓度下降了82%。一些含有2、3、4和5个芳环的PAHs去除率高达100%。
