Rothschild M F
Department of Animal Science, Center for Integrated Animal Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2003;102(1-4):95-9. doi: 10.1159/000075732.
An incredible amount of progress has occurred in the past decade since the pig genome map began to develop. The porcine genetic linkage map now has nearly 5,000 loci including several hundred genes, microsatellites and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers being added to the map. Thanks to somatic cell hybrid panels and then radiation hybrid panels the physical genetic map is also growing rapidly and now has over 4,000 genes and markers. Many quantitative trait loci (QTL) scans have been completed and together with candidate gene analyses have identified important chromosomal regions and individual genes associated with traits of economic interests. Using marker assisted selection (MAS) the commercial pig industry is actively using this information and traditional performance information to improve pig production. Large scale pig arrays are just now beginning to be used and co-expression of thousands of genes is now advancing our understanding of gene function. The pig's role in xenotransplantation and biomedical research makes the study of its genome important for the study of human disease. Sequencing of the pig genome appears on the near horizon. This commentary will discuss recent advances in pig genomics, directions for future research and the implications to both the pig industry and human health.
自猪基因组图谱开始绘制以来，在过去十年间取得了令人难以置信的进展。目前猪的遗传连锁图谱上有近5000个基因座，包括数百个基因、微卫星以及正在添加到该图谱中的扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）标记。借助体细胞杂交板以及随后的辐射杂交板，物理遗传图谱也在迅速发展，目前已有超过4000个基因和标记。许多数量性状基因座（QTL）扫描已经完成，并且与候选基因分析一起确定了与经济利益性状相关的重要染色体区域和单个基因。商业养猪业正在积极利用标记辅助选择（MAS），结合这些信息以及传统的性能信息来提高生猪生产。大规模猪基因芯片刚刚开始被使用，数千个基因的共表达正在推动我们对基因功能的理解。猪在异种移植和生物医学研究中的作用使得对其基因组的研究对于人类疾病的研究至关重要。猪基因组测序似乎指日可待。本评论将讨论猪基因组学的最新进展、未来研究方向以及对养猪业和人类健康的影响。
