Rodriguez Karina F, Farin Charlotte E
North Carolina State University, Department of Animal Science, Box 7621, 231B Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7621, USA.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2004;16(1-2):55-67. doi: 10.10371/RD03078.
The developmental potential of an embryo is dependent on the developmental potential of the oocyte from which it originates. The process of oocyte maturation is critical for the efficient application of biotechnologies such as in vitro embryo production and mammalian cloning. However, the overall efficiency of in vitro maturation remains low because oocytes matured in vitro have a lower developmental competence than oocytes matured in vivo. Furthermore, oocytes that have been exposed to gonadotropins have greater developmental competence than oocytes matured in the absence of gonadotropins. By understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying gonadotropin-induced maturation, improvement in oocyte maturation technologies may be expected as procedures to manipulate specific factors involved in signalling for resumption of meiosis are identified. The present review will focus on transcriptional mechanisms underlying the maturation of mammalian oocytes in vitro, as well as on the acquisition of oocyte developmental competence. In addition, a working model for the transcriptional control of mammalian oocyte maturation is proposed.
胚胎的发育潜能取决于其起源的卵母细胞的发育潜能。卵母细胞成熟过程对于体外胚胎生产和哺乳动物克隆等生物技术的有效应用至关重要。然而，体外成熟的总体效率仍然很低，因为体外成熟的卵母细胞的发育能力低于体内成熟的卵母细胞。此外，暴露于促性腺激素的卵母细胞比未暴露于促性腺激素而成熟的卵母细胞具有更强的发育能力。通过了解促性腺激素诱导成熟的分子机制，随着调控减数分裂恢复信号传导中特定因子的操作程序被确定，有望改进卵母细胞成熟技术。本综述将聚焦于哺乳动物卵母细胞体外成熟的转录机制以及卵母细胞发育能力的获得。此外，还提出了一个哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟转录调控的工作模型。
