Kemmerer David, Tranel Daniel
Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1353, USA.
Neurocase. 2003 Oct;9(5):421-35. doi: 10.1076/neur.9.5.421.16551.
Abstract We describe two patients who manifested opposite patterns of performance on test batteries that evaluated production, comprehension, and semantic analysis of action verbs on the one hand (e.g. smile, wave, run ) and locative prepositions on the other (e.g. in, on, over ). JP failed all of the verb tests but passed all of the preposition tests, suggesting impaired knowledge of the meanings of action verbs but intact knowledge of the meanings of locative prepositions. In contrast, RR exhibited the reverse dissociation: he passed many of the verb tests but failed all of the preposition tests, suggesting mostly intact knowledge of the meanings of action verbs but impaired knowledge of the meanings of locative prepositions. This behavioral double dissociation reflects the fact that the two categories of words differ along several conceptual parameters. To a large extent, the patients exhibited a neuroanatomical double dissociation as well, since JP's lesion is predominantly in the left frontal operculum whereas RR's is predominantly in the left inferior parietal lobe and the posterior superior temporal region. This constitutes preliminary evidence that the meanings of action verbs and locative prepositions are represented by partially independent neural networks in the brain.
摘要 我们描述了两名患者，他们在测试组中的表现呈现出相反的模式。一方面，这些测试组评估动作动词（如微笑、挥手、奔跑）的生成、理解和语义分析，另一方面评估方位介词（如在……里、在……上、在……上方）。JP在所有动词测试中均未通过，但所有介词测试都通过了，这表明他对动作动词的含义理解受损，而对方位介词的含义理解完好。相比之下，RR表现出相反的分离情况：他通过了许多动词测试，但所有介词测试都未通过，这表明他对动作动词的含义理解大多完好，但对方位介词的含义理解受损。这种行为上的双重分离反映了这样一个事实，即这两类词在几个概念参数上存在差异。在很大程度上，这两名患者在神经解剖学上也表现出双重分离，因为JP的病灶主要位于左侧额下回，而RR的病灶主要位于左侧顶下叶和颞上后区。这构成了初步证据，表明动作动词和方位介词的含义在大脑中由部分独立的神经网络来表征。
