Goff Alan K
Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculte de medecine veterinaire, Universite de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada J2S 7C6.
Biol Reprod. 2004 Jul;71(1):11-6. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.025890. Epub 2004 Feb 18.
Prostaglandins, produced from membrane phospholipids by the action of phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase, and specific prostaglandin synthases, are important regulators of ovulation, luteolysis, implantation, and parturition in reproductive tissues. Destruction of the corpus luteum at the end of the estrous cycle in nonpregnant animals is brought about by the pulsatile secretion of prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) from the endometrium. It has been known for many years that progesterone, estradiol, and oxytocin are the hormones responsible for luteolysis. To achieve luteolysis, two independent processes have to be coordinated; the first is an increase in the prostaglandin synthetic capability of the endometrium and the second is an increase in oxytocin receptor number. Although progesterone and estradiol can modulate the expression of the enzymes involved in prostaglandin synthesis, the primary reason for the initiation of luteolysis is the increase in oxytocin receptor on the endometrial epithelial cells. Results of many in vivo studies have shown that progesterone and estradiol are required for luteolysis, but it is still not fully understood exactly how these steroid hormones act. The purpose of this article is to review the recent data related to how progesterone and estradiol could regulate (initiate and then turn off) the uterine pulsatile secretion of PGF(2alpha) observed at luteolysis.
前列腺素由磷脂酶A2、环氧化酶和特定前列腺素合成酶作用于膜磷脂产生，是生殖组织中排卵、黄体溶解、着床和分娩的重要调节因子。非妊娠动物发情周期结束时黄体的破坏是由子宫内膜脉冲式分泌前列腺素F（2α）（PGF（2α））引起的。多年来已知孕酮、雌二醇和催产素是导致黄体溶解的激素。为实现黄体溶解，必须协调两个独立过程；第一个是子宫内膜前列腺素合成能力的增加，第二个是催产素受体数量的增加。虽然孕酮和雌二醇可以调节参与前列腺素合成的酶的表达，但黄体溶解开始的主要原因是子宫内膜上皮细胞上催产素受体的增加。许多体内研究结果表明，黄体溶解需要孕酮和雌二醇，但这些甾体激素的确切作用方式仍未完全了解。本文的目的是综述与孕酮和雌二醇如何调节（启动然后关闭）黄体溶解时观察到的子宫PGF（2α）脉冲式分泌相关的最新数据。
