Van der Bruggen B, Koninckx A, Vandecasteele C
Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Environmental Technology, University of Leuven, W. de Croylaan 46, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
Water Res. 2004 Mar;38(5):1347-53. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.008.
The possibilities of separating monovalent and multivalent ions by electrodialysis (ED) and nanofiltration (NF) are explored. Five synthetic single salt solutions were applied to ED and NF: NaCl, Na(2)SO(4), MgCl(2), MgSO(4) and NaNO(3). Two combinations of anionic and cationic exchange membranes were evaluated for ED (AMV/CMV Selemion membranes and ACS/CMS Tokuyama membranes), and two membranes were evaluated for NF (NTR 7450 and UTC-60). The separation was evaluated using an alternative parameter, the separation efficiency, in order to compare ED and NF. The separation efficiency ranges from 0% (no separation) to 100% (perfect separation). Both NF membranes had a good separation efficiency for the separation of monovalent and divalent anions (ca. 60%); the ED membranes performed worse. For the separation of monovalent and divalent cations, the UTC-60 membrane was the best for the considered separation because of size exclusion effects for the larger divalent ion. The ACS/CMS membranes had a similar separation efficiency (ca. 60%); the NTR 7540 membrane and AMV/CMV ED membranes showed only a small separation.
研究了通过电渗析（ED）和纳滤（NF）分离单价和多价离子的可能性。将五种合成单盐溶液应用于ED和NF：氯化钠、硫酸钠、氯化镁、硫酸镁和硝酸钠。对ED评估了两种阴离子和阳离子交换膜的组合（AMV/CMV Selemion膜和ACS/CMS德山膜），对NF评估了两种膜（NTR 7450和UTC - 60）。为了比较ED和NF，使用一个替代参数——分离效率来评估分离情况。分离效率范围从0%（无分离）到100%（完全分离）。两种NF膜对单价和二价阴离子的分离都具有良好的分离效率（约60%）；ED膜的表现较差。对于单价和二价阳离子的分离，由于较大的二价离子存在尺寸排阻效应，UTC - 60膜在所考虑的分离中是最佳的。ACS/CMS膜具有相似的分离效率（约60%）；NTR 7540膜和AMV/CMV ED膜仅显示出较小的分离效果。
