Schmaljohann H, Erhard M, Kronjäger J, Kottke M, van Staa S, Cacciapuoti L, Arlt J J, Bongs K, Sengstock K
Institut für Laser-Physik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Jan 30;92(4):040402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.040402. Epub 2004 Jan 28.
We experimentally investigate and analyze the rich dynamics in F=2 spinor Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb. An interplay between mean-field driven spin dynamics and hyperfine-changing losses in addition to interactions with the thermal component is observed. In particular, we measure conversion rates in the range of 10(-12) cm(3) s(-1) for spin-changing collisions within the F=2 manifold and spin-dependent loss rates in the range of 10(-13) cm(3) s(-1) for hyperfine-changing collisions. We observe polar behavior in the F=2 ground state of 87Rb, while we find the F=1 ground state to be ferromagnetic. We further see a magnetization for condensates prepared with nonzero total spin.
我们通过实验研究并分析了87Rb的F = 2旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的丰富动力学。除了与热成分的相互作用外,还观察到了平均场驱动的自旋动力学与超精细变化损失之间的相互作用。特别是,我们测量了F = 2多重态内自旋变化碰撞的转换率在10^(-12) cm³ s⁻¹范围内,以及超精细变化碰撞的自旋相关损失率在10^(-13) cm³ s⁻¹范围内。我们在87Rb的F = 2基态中观察到极化行为,而发现F = 1基态是铁磁的。我们还进一步观察到了具有非零总自旋的凝聚体的磁化。