Ostlund Gunnel, Cedersund Elisabet, Hensing Gunnel, Alexanderson Kristina
Department of Welfare and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2004 Mar;18(1):49-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2004.00254.x.
Long-term sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders has increased, especially for women. The aim of this paper was to explore women's and men's descriptions of the private arena in relation to rehabilitation and sickness absence. This study is part of a larger project focusing on consequences of sick leave. Individual interviews were conducted in 1997 and 1998 with 20 women and men who had been long-term sick-listed in 1985 with musculoskeletal diagnoses. The data were analysed using Grounded theory in combination with gender analysis, which involved separately comparing men's and women's statements in order to find similarities and differences. According to the interviewees, factors in the private arena were closely associated with the rehabilitation process. Women described themselves as being responsible for the domestic work while men more often 'helped out' when asked to do so. Women and men described similar strategies to facilitate domestic work. Three dimensions of domestic life were identified, comprising division of domestic work and division of responsibility for domestic life and the amount of socio-emotional support or isolation at home. Using these dimensions, a 'domestic strain model' was developed. Our study indicates that long-term sick-listed women experiencing domestic strain would rather stay at home than return to work. Domestic strain involves inequities in the division of work and responsibilities and a lack of socio-emotional support at home. However, the model of domestic strain needs further empirical testing.
因肌肉骨骼疾病导致的长期病假有所增加，女性尤其如此。本文旨在探讨女性和男性对与康复及病假相关的私人领域的描述。本研究是一个关注病假后果的更大项目的一部分。1997年和1998年，对20名在1985年因肌肉骨骼疾病被列入长期病假名单的男性和女性进行了个人访谈。使用扎根理论结合性别分析对数据进行了分析，性别分析包括分别比较男性和女性的陈述以找出异同。根据受访者的说法，私人领域的因素与康复过程密切相关。女性称自己负责家务，而男性在被要求时更多是“帮忙”。女性和男性描述了类似的促进家务的策略。确定了家庭生活的三个维度，包括家务分工、家庭生活责任分工以及家中社会情感支持或孤立的程度。利用这些维度，建立了一个“家庭压力模型”。我们的研究表明，经历家庭压力的长期病假女性宁愿待在家里也不愿重返工作岗位。家庭压力涉及工作和责任分工的不平等以及家中缺乏社会情感支持。然而，家庭压力模型需要进一步的实证检验。
