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蓝藻毒素柱孢藻毒素在淡水贻贝(Anodonta cygnea)中的积累与净化

Accumulation and depuration of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in the freshwater mussel Anodonta cygnea.

作者信息

Saker Martin L, Metcalf James S, Codd Geoffrey A, Vasconcelos Vitor M

机构信息

Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas, Portugal.

出版信息

Toxicon. 2004 Feb;43(2):185-94. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2003.11.022.

Abstract

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a toxic alkaloid produced by several genera of freshwater cyanobacteria. This compound has been implicated in outbreaks of human sickness and the death of domestic and wild animals. Given that several of the cyanobacterial genera known to produce CYN are common components of the phytoplankton of freshwaters including aquaculture facilities, we studied the accumulation of CYN in the freshwater mussel (swan mussel) Anodonta cygnea. Anodonta were exposed to CYN-producing cultures of the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii for 16 days and were found to accumulate the toxin to concentrations up to 2.52 microg g tissue dry weight(-1). There was considerable variation in the concentrations of CYN detected in different parts of the body. At the end of a 2-week accumulation period the distribution of CYN in the body of Anodonta was as follows: haemolymph (68.1%), viscera (23.3%), foot and gonad (7.7%) and mantle (0.9%). No CYN was detected in the gills or adductor muscle of any animals. Following a 2-week depuration period, approximately 50% of the toxin remained in the tissues. Based on the recently derived guideline value for CYN in human drinking water (1 microg l(-1)) and the concentrations of this compound in animal tissues reported here, there is a clear need for the increased monitoring of this compound in organisms grown for human and animal consumption.

摘要

柱孢藻毒素(CYN)是由几种淡水蓝藻产生的一种有毒生物碱。这种化合物与人类疾病的爆发以及家畜和野生动物的死亡有关。鉴于已知产生CYN的几种蓝藻属是包括水产养殖设施在内的淡水浮游植物的常见组成部分,我们研究了CYN在淡水贻贝(天鹅贻贝)圆顶珠蚌中的积累情况。将圆顶珠蚌暴露于产CYN的蓝藻拉氏柱孢藻培养物中16天,发现其将毒素积累至浓度高达2.52微克/克组织干重(-1)。在身体不同部位检测到的CYN浓度存在相当大的差异。在为期2周的积累期结束时,CYN在圆顶珠蚌体内的分布如下:血淋巴(68.1%)、内脏(23.3%)、足部和性腺(7.7%)以及外套膜(0.9%)。在任何动物的鳃或闭壳肌中均未检测到CYN。在为期2周的净化期后,约50%的毒素仍留在组织中。基于最近得出的人类饮用水中CYN的指导值(1微克/升(-1))以及此处报告的该化合物在动物组织中的浓度,显然需要加强对供人类和动物食用的生物体中该化合物的监测。

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