Feldman Pamela J, Steptoe Andrew
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of College London, London.
Ann Behav Med. 2004 Apr;27(2):91-9. doi: 10.1207/s15324796abm2702_3.
Increasing attention is being paid to the impact of neighborhood residence on individual health status.
This study examined pathways through which low neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and associated subjective neighborhood characteristics may be associated with self-reported physical functioning.
A sample of 658 adults responded to a questionnaire survey sent to residents of lower and higher SES neighborhoods. Measures of neighborhood social cohesion and problems were obtained and individual deprivation, social integration, sense of control, and financial strain were assessed with standard measures. Physical functioning was assessed with the MOS 36-item Short Form health survey.
Structural equation modeling analyses showed that living in a lower socioeconomic neighborhood was associated with greater perceived neighborhood strain, which, in turn, was associated with poorer physical functioning. Lower neighborhood SES and greater perceived neighborhood strain were associated with poorer physical functioning of individuals through less social integration, less perceived control, and greater financial strain. Individual deprivation was also related to less social integration, less perceived control, and greater financial strain.
Neighborhood SES and associated perceptions of neighborhoods are associated with physical functioning to some extent through the shaping of the social and psychological experiences of individuals living within them.
邻里居住环境对个体健康状况的影响正受到越来越多的关注。
本研究探讨了邻里社会经济地位低下（SES）及相关的邻里主观特征可能与自我报告的身体功能相关的途径。
对658名成年人进行抽样，向社会经济地位较低和较高社区的居民发送问卷调查。获取邻里社会凝聚力和问题的测量数据，并使用标准测量方法评估个体剥夺、社会融合、控制感和经济压力。使用MOS 36项简短健康调查问卷评估身体功能。
结构方程模型分析表明，生活在社会经济地位较低的社区与更高的邻里压力感相关，而邻里压力感又与较差的身体功能相关。邻里社会经济地位较低和更高的邻里压力感通过较少的社会融合、较低的控制感和更大的经济压力与个体较差的身体功能相关。个体剥夺也与较少的社会融合、较低的控制感和更大的经济压力相关。
邻里社会经济地位及相关的邻里认知在一定程度上通过塑造居住在其中的个体的社会和心理体验与身体功能相关。
