Moriello Karen A
Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Vet Dermatol. 2004 Apr;15(2):99-107. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2004.00361.x.
The recent literature on the treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats was reviewed. Based upon in vitro studies using isolated infected hairs and controlled or field in vivo studies, the following topical treatments were consistently found to be antifungal (i.e. antidermatophyte): lime sulfur (1:16), 0.2% enilconazole rinses, and a combined 2% miconazole/chlorhexidine shampoo. Animals or hairs were either bathed or rinsed once or twice weekly. Itraconazole, griseofulvin and terbinafine were evaluated in controlled or field studies, most commonly involving cats. Griseofulvin (50 mg kg(-1)) was reported to cure infected animals in 41-70 days. Itraconazole (10 mg kg(-1) once daily or in a combined daily/pulse therapy 10 mg kg(-1) once daily for 28 days and then week on/week off) was reported to cure infected animals in 56-70 days. Low-dose itraconazole (1.5-3.0 mg kg(-1)) in 15-day cycles required 1-3 cycles (15-45 days). Various doses of terbinafine (5-40 mg kg(-1)) were reportedly used to treat dogs or cats. The higher doses of terbinafine (> 20 mg kg(-1)) were required to achieve a mycological cure; the number of treatment days to cure varied from 21 to > 126 days. Lufenuron was reported anecdotally to be an effective cure, however, this was not substantiated in controlled studies. Finally, fungal vaccines were not found to be effective against challenge exposure, however, there is evidence that they may be useful in treatment protocols.
对近期关于犬猫皮肤癣菌病治疗的文献进行了综述。基于使用分离出的感染毛发的体外研究以及对照或现场体内研究，始终发现以下局部治疗具有抗真菌作用（即抗皮肤癣菌）：石硫合剂（1:16）、0.2%烯丙康唑冲洗液以及2%咪康唑/氯己定复方洗发水。动物或毛发每周沐浴或冲洗一次或两次。在对照或现场研究中对伊曲康唑、灰黄霉素和特比萘芬进行了评估，这些研究大多涉及猫。据报道，灰黄霉素（50 mg kg⁻¹）可在41 - 70天内治愈感染动物。伊曲康唑（10 mg kg⁻¹每日一次，或采用每日/脉冲联合疗法，即10 mg kg⁻¹每日一次，持续28天，然后停药一周/用药一周）据报道可在56 - 70天内治愈感染动物。低剂量伊曲康唑（1.5 - 3.0 mg kg⁻¹），每15天为一个周期，需要1 - 3个周期（15 - 45天）。据报道，使用了各种剂量的特比萘芬（5 - 40 mg kg⁻¹）来治疗犬或猫。需要更高剂量的特比萘芬（> 20 mg kg⁻¹）才能实现真菌学治愈；治愈所需的治疗天数从21天到> 126天不等。据传闻，氟虫脲是一种有效的治疗药物，然而，这在对照研究中并未得到证实。最后，未发现真菌疫苗对激发暴露有效，然而，有证据表明它们可能在治疗方案中有用。
