Bloomfield P, Dalton D, Karleka A, Kesson A, Duncan G, Isaacs D
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
Arch Dis Child. 2004 Apr;89(4):363-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.2003.035105.
To examine the frequency of and risk factors for bacteraemia in children hospitalised with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection; and to determine current use of antibiotics in hospitalised children with RSV infection.
Retrospective study of all children, aged 0-14 years, admitted to a tertiary children's hospital with proven RSV infection over a four year period. Children with concurrent bacteraemia and RSV infection were identified, and risk factors examined for bacteraemia. The case notes of a randomly selected comparison sample of 100 of these RSV infected children were examined to assess antibiotic use and population incidence of risk factors for severe RSV infection.
A total of 1795 children had proven RSV infection, and blood cultures were sent on 861 (48%). Eleven (0.6%) of the 1795 RSV positive children had bacteraemia. RSV positive children had a significantly higher incidence of bacteraemia if they had nosocomial RSV infection (6.5%), cyanotic congenital heart disease (6.6%), or were admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (2.9%). Forty five (45%) of the random comparison sample of RSV infected children received antibiotics.
Bacteraemia is rare in RSV infection. Children with RSV infection are more likely to be bacteraemic, however, if they have nosocomial RSV infection, cyanotic congenital heart disease, or require intensive care unit admission.
研究因呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染住院儿童的菌血症发生率及危险因素；并确定目前RSV感染住院儿童抗生素的使用情况。
对一家三级儿童医院4年间收治的所有确诊为RSV感染的0至14岁儿童进行回顾性研究。确定同时患有菌血症和RSV感染的儿童，并检查菌血症的危险因素。检查了从这些RSV感染儿童中随机抽取的100例对照样本的病历，以评估抗生素的使用情况和严重RSV感染危险因素的人群发生率。
共有1795名儿童确诊RSV感染，其中861名（48%）进行了血培养。1795名RSV阳性儿童中有11名（0.6%）发生菌血症。如果RSV阳性儿童患有医院获得性RSV感染（6.5%）、青紫型先天性心脏病（6.6%）或入住儿科重症监护病房（2.9%），则菌血症发生率显著更高。在RSV感染儿童的随机对照样本中，45名（45%）接受了抗生素治疗。
RSV感染中菌血症罕见。然而，如果RSV感染儿童患有医院获得性RSV感染、青紫型先天性心脏病或需要入住重症监护病房，则更有可能发生菌血症。
