Gasser Robin B, Hung Guo-Chiuan, Chilton Neil B, Beveridge Ian
Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
Mol Cell Probes. 2004 Feb;18(1):3-16. doi: 10.1016/j.mcp.2003.10.001.
Infections of equids with parasitic nematodes of the order Strongylida (subfamilies Strongylinae and Cyathostominae) are of major veterinary importance. In last decades, the widespread use of drugs against these parasites has led to problems of resistance within the Cyathostominae, and to an increase in their prevalence and intensity of infection. Novel control strategies, based on improved knowledge of parasite biology and epidemiology, have thus become important. However, there are substantial limitations in the understanding of fundamental biological and systematic aspects of these parasites, which have been due largely to limitations in their specific identification and diagnosis using traditional, morphological approaches. Recently, there has been progress in the development of DNA-based approaches for the specific identification of strongyloids of equids for systematic studies and disease diagnosis. The present article briefly reviews information on the classification, biology, pathogenesis, epidemiology of equine strongyloids and the diagnosis of infections, highlights knowledge gaps in these areas, describes recent advances in the use of molecular techniques for the genetic characterisation, specific identification and differentiation of strongyloids of equids as a basis for fundamental investigations of the systematics, population biology and ecology.
马属动物感染圆线目（圆线亚科和杯冠亚科）寄生线虫具有重要的兽医意义。在过去几十年中，广泛使用抗这些寄生虫的药物导致杯冠亚科出现耐药问题，并使其感染率和感染强度增加。因此，基于对寄生虫生物学和流行病学的深入了解而制定的新型控制策略变得至关重要。然而，在理解这些寄生虫的基本生物学和系统学方面存在重大局限性，这主要归因于使用传统形态学方法进行特异性鉴定和诊断时存在的局限性。最近，在开发基于DNA的方法以特异性鉴定马属动物圆线虫用于系统研究和疾病诊断方面取得了进展。本文简要综述了马属动物圆线虫的分类、生物学、发病机制、流行病学以及感染诊断等方面的信息，突出了这些领域的知识空白，描述了利用分子技术对马属动物圆线虫进行遗传特征分析、特异性鉴定和区分的最新进展，以此作为系统学、种群生物学和生态学基础研究的依据。
