Zellner Debra A, Garriga-Trillo Ana, Centeno Soraya, Wadsworth Elizabeth
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Upper Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
Appetite. 2004 Feb;42(1):119-21. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2003.11.004.
Spanish and American female chocolate cravers reported the usual times when they craved chocolate by answering an open-ended question. They also were asked directly if they craved chocolate perimenstrually. American women (40% open-ended, 60% direct) were more likely than were Spanish women (4% open-ended, 24% direct) to report that their chocolate cravings occurred perimenstrually when responding to both questions. The most frequently reported times (other than perimenstrually) that chocolate was craved were the same for Spanish men and women (after eating, studying) and for American men and women (evening), differing cross-culturally but not across gender. The results suggest a cultural origin rather than a physiological basis for chocolate craving.
西班牙和美国爱吃巧克力的女性通过回答一个开放式问题，说出了她们渴望吃巧克力的常见时间。她们还被直接问及在月经周期前是否渴望吃巧克力。在回答这两个问题时，美国女性（40%通过开放式问题，60%通过直接询问）比西班牙女性（4%通过开放式问题，24%通过直接询问）更有可能报告她们在月经周期前渴望吃巧克力。西班牙男性和女性（进食后、学习后）以及美国男性和女性（晚上）报告的最常见的渴望吃巧克力的时间（月经周期前除外）是相同的，存在跨文化差异但不存在性别差异。结果表明，对巧克力的渴望源于文化而非生理基础。
