Komiyama Nobuyuki, Saito Takehiro, Hosaka Yoshiyuki, Aida Kaoru, Kaneko Takashi, Sato Akio, Onaya Toshimasa, Kobayashi Tetsuro, Tawata Masato
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamanashi Medical University, Shimokato 1110, Tamaho, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004 Apr;64(1):11-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2003.10.002.
In order to investigate the effect of high carbohydrate/low fat diet on glucose tolerance and on lipid profiles, we performed a 4-week crossover study. Japanese subjects (30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 15 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and 8 subjects with normal glucose tolerance) were allocated either 55% standard carbohydrate/30% fat (sc) or 70% high carbohydrate/15% low fat (hc) diet for four weeks, and evaluated by OGTT and various parameters. Then, the diet was crossed over to another diet, and identical parameters were re-evaluated after four weeks. Area under the glucose concentration-time curve (AUG) or triglyceride did not show significant changes between the two diets. HDL-Cholesterol and body mass index decreased significantly by hc diet. Free fatty acids and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index showed a tendency to be decreased by hc diet. AUG hc/sc ratio was inversely correlated with AUG or free fatty acids on standard carbohydrate diet. In conclusion, the present 4-week high carbohydrate/low fat diet may be useful to reduce body weight and insulin resistance. The 4-week high carbohydrate/low fat diet did not affect glucose tolerance as a whole. Although the 4-week high carbohydrate/low fat diet decreased HDL-Chol, it did not increase triglyceride.
为了研究高碳水化合物/低脂肪饮食对葡萄糖耐量和血脂谱的影响，我们进行了一项为期4周的交叉研究。日本受试者（30例2型糖尿病患者、15例葡萄糖耐量受损者和8例葡萄糖耐量正常者）被分配接受为期四周的55%标准碳水化合物/30%脂肪（sc）饮食或70%高碳水化合物/15%低脂肪（hc）饮食，并通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）和各种参数进行评估。然后，饮食交叉更换为另一种饮食，四周后重新评估相同的参数。两种饮食之间，葡萄糖浓度-时间曲线下面积（AUG）或甘油三酯没有显著变化。hc饮食使高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-胆固醇）和体重指数显著降低。hc饮食使游离脂肪酸和稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数呈下降趋势。hc/sc饮食的AUG比值与标准碳水化合物饮食时的AUG或游离脂肪酸呈负相关。总之，目前为期4周的高碳水化合物/低脂肪饮食可能有助于减轻体重和胰岛素抵抗。为期4周的高碳水化合物/低脂肪饮食总体上不影响葡萄糖耐量。虽然为期4周的高碳水化合物/低脂肪饮食降低了HDL-胆固醇，但并未增加甘油三酯。
