疟疾：控制策略、化学预防、诊断及治疗

Malaria: control strategies, chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment.

作者信息

Le Mire Jacques, Arnulf Laurent, Guibert Philippe

机构信息

COTCO, Cameroon Oil Transportation Company A.A., BP3738 Douala, Cameroon.

出版信息

Clin Occup Environ Med. 2004 Feb;4(1):143-65, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.coem.2003.10.005.

DOI:10.1016/j.coem.2003.10.005

PMID:15043368

Abstract

Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum continues to be the principal medical threat to travelers in tropical zones. Eighty percent of malaria cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention capacity nears 100%. In the event of infection, early diagnosis and bitherapy (treatment that includes two different active molecules) provide a nonfatal outcome. The greatest risk occurs in the weeks after returning home. The history of malaria has shown that it is important to anticipate the evolving nature of the disease and to be able to respond to it in a timely fashion. The efficiency of preventive treatments should lead toward the goal of zero malaria cases when dealing with travelers; however, virtually all empiric experience indicates that this goal rarely is reached.

摘要

由恶性疟原虫引起的疟疾仍然是热带地区旅行者面临的主要医学威胁。80%的疟疾病例发生在撒哈拉以南非洲。预防能力接近100%。一旦感染，早期诊断和双药疗法（包括两种不同活性分子的治疗）可带来非致命的结果。最大的风险发生在回国后的几周内。疟疾的历史表明，预测该疾病不断演变的性质并能够及时应对至关重要。预防性治疗的有效性应朝着在处理旅行者时实现零疟疾病例的目标努力；然而，几乎所有的经验都表明这个目标很少能实现。