Mortuaire G, Marchetti P, Formstecher P, Danzé P M
Plate-forme de génomique fonctionnelle, Lille.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2004 Mar-Apr;62(2):139-48.
Since these twenty last years, there is an increasing interest for large-scale analysis of biological function. In the field of transcriptome, the emergence of microarray-based technologies and the design of DNA biochips allow high-throughput studies of RNA expression in cell and tissue at a given moment. In the field of proteome, methods of reference are still the 2D electrophoresis followed by analysis with mass spectrometry. Technological progress makes it possible to apply microarray methods to proteomics study : they are protein biochips or protein arrays. Expression analysis of proteins in a cell or a tissue in simultaneous and highly parallel way give further information for large-scale studies of signaling pathway. Numerous applications of protein microarray-based assays are described in basic biological research and in medical research to identify diagnostic biomarkers of inflammatory and cancerous pathologies and to find out news drugs and new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes concrete applications of microarray-based technology in the field of proteome, describes fundamental technical stages in protein array development and highlights critical points which will be useful to improve this emerging proteomic method.
在过去二十年中，人们对生物功能的大规模分析越来越感兴趣。在转录组领域，基于微阵列技术的出现以及DNA生物芯片的设计使得在特定时刻对细胞和组织中的RNA表达进行高通量研究成为可能。在蛋白质组领域，参考方法仍然是二维电泳，随后进行质谱分析。技术进步使得将微阵列方法应用于蛋白质组学研究成为可能：它们是蛋白质生物芯片或蛋白质阵列。以同时且高度平行的方式对细胞或组织中的蛋白质进行表达分析，为信号通路的大规模研究提供了更多信息。基于蛋白质微阵列的检测方法在基础生物学研究和医学研究中有众多应用，可用于识别炎症和癌症病理的诊断生物标志物，以及寻找新药物和新治疗靶点。本综述总结了基于微阵列技术在蛋白质组领域的具体应用，描述了蛋白质阵列开发的基本技术阶段，并强调了对改进这种新兴蛋白质组学方法有用的关键点。
