Biscardi D, De Fusco R, Feretti D, Zerbini I, Izzo C, Esposito V, Nardi G, Monarca S
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, II Università degli Studi di Napoli.
Ann Ig. 2003 Nov-Dec;15(6):1077-84.
The presence of chemical residues in vegetables and fruit is a source of human exposure to toxic and genotoxic chemicals. The mutagenic and carcinogenic action of herbicides, insecticides and fungicides on experimental animals is already known. Several studies have shown that chronic exposure to low levels of pesticides can cause adverse health effects and that many pesticides are mutagenic/carcinogenic. In the present research we monitored concurrently the presence of pesticides and genotoxic compounds extracted from 21 treated vegetables and 8 types of grapes sampled from the markets of a region in Southern Italy. The extracts were analysed for pesticides by gas-chromatography and HPLC, and for genotoxicity with two plant tests in Allium cepa roots: the micronucleus test and the chromosomal aberration test. We found 33 pesticides, some of which are outlawed. Genotoxicity was found in some of the vegetables and grapes tested. Allium cepa tests were sensitive for monitoring genotoxicity in food extracts. The micronucleus test in interphase cells gave much higher mutagenicity than the chromosomal aberration test in anaphase-telophase cells.
蔬菜和水果中化学残留物的存在是人类接触有毒和遗传毒性化学物质的一个来源。除草剂、杀虫剂和杀菌剂对实验动物的致突变和致癌作用已经为人所知。多项研究表明，长期接触低剂量农药会对健康产生不良影响，而且许多农药具有致突变/致癌性。在本研究中，我们同时监测了从意大利南部一个地区市场采集的21种经处理蔬菜和8种葡萄中农药和遗传毒性化合物的存在情况。通过气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法分析提取物中的农药，并通过对洋葱根尖进行两种植物试验来检测遗传毒性：微核试验和染色体畸变试验。我们发现了33种农药，其中一些已被禁用。在一些测试的蔬菜和葡萄中发现了遗传毒性。洋葱试验对于监测食品提取物中的遗传毒性很敏感。间期细胞微核试验产生的致突变性比后期 - 末期细胞染色体畸变试验高得多。
