Plummer Martyn, Franceschi Silvia, Muñoz Nubia
Unit of Field and Intervention Studies, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
IARC Sci Publ. 2004(157):311-26.
The most recent estimates of global cancer incidence indicate that in 1990 stomach cancer was the second most frequent cancer in the world (after lung cancer), with about 800,000 new cases diagnosed every year (Parkin et al., 1999). Steady declines in incidence rates of gastric cancer have been observed worldwide in the last few decades. The exact causes of the decline are not well understood, but may include improvements in diet and food storage and a decline in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Dietary modifications remain potentially one of the most important tools for the prevention of gastric cancer. Control of H. pylori infection, by indirect means such as improving the general sanitary conditions or by direct intervention such as eradication or immunization, is also likely to offer great potential for prevention.
全球癌症发病率的最新估计表明，1990年胃癌是全球第二常见的癌症（仅次于肺癌），每年约有80万新病例被诊断出来（帕金等人，1999年）。在过去几十年中，全球范围内胃癌发病率持续下降。发病率下降的确切原因尚不完全清楚，但可能包括饮食和食物储存的改善以及幽门螺杆菌感染率的下降。饮食调整仍然可能是预防胃癌最重要的手段之一。通过改善总体卫生条件等间接手段或通过根除或免疫等直接干预措施来控制幽门螺杆菌感染，也可能具有很大的预防潜力。
