Kozak M, Horosova K, Lasanda V, Bilek J, Kyselova J
Ist Internal Clinic of the University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovakia.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2003;104(10):323-8.
Examination of rectal swabs from 187 dogs and 13 cats showed that Salmonella spp. was present in only one dog, a 4-month old mongrel puppy, weighing 3.5 kg. It was identified as S. dublin, a species specific serovar of cattle. The animal exhibited no signs of disease during clinical examination. Of the total number of examined animals this positive dog represents only 0.5%. Within the group of patients included in our monitoring in none of those with gastrointestinal problems it was possible to isolate Salmonella spp. This indicates that the risk of transmission of salmonellosis from dogs and cats in the region of Kosice seems to be rather low. On the basis of literature and our own observations we identified the potential sources and the possible ways of the transfer of this disease. The most common appears to be the oral infection by infected feed of various types, particularly by direct contamination of feed with either animal or human contaminants. In dogs and cats salmonellosis occurs most frequently in a latent form. The clinical findings vary with regard to the number of pathogens, immune status of the host, occurrence of health complications and the form of associated disease units. There are suitable isolation and diagnostic methods for diagnostics of salmonellosis. Due to the need for continuous protection of health of humans and animals, screening of occurrence of zoonotic pathogens appears topical. (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 35.).
对187只狗和13只猫的直肠拭子进行检测发现，沙门氏菌仅在一只4个月大、体重3.5千克的杂种幼犬中检出。它被鉴定为都柏林沙门氏菌，是牛的一种特定血清型。这只动物在临床检查期间未表现出疾病迹象。在所有接受检查的动物中，这只呈阳性的狗仅占0.5%。在我们监测的患有胃肠道问题的患者群体中，没有一例能够分离出沙门氏菌。这表明在科希策地区，狗和猫传播沙门氏菌病的风险似乎相当低。根据文献和我们自己的观察，我们确定了这种疾病的潜在来源和可能的传播途径。最常见的似乎是通过各种受感染饲料的经口感染，特别是饲料被动物或人类污染物直接污染。在狗和猫中，沙门氏菌病最常以潜伏形式出现。临床症状因病原体数量、宿主免疫状态、健康并发症的发生情况以及相关疾病单位的形式而异。有适合诊断沙门氏菌病的隔离和诊断方法。由于需要持续保护人类和动物的健康，筛查人畜共患病原体的发生情况显得很有必要。（表3，图1，参考文献35）
