Ghetti Simona, Alexander Kristen Weede
Research Institute on Judicial Systems, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy.
Child Dev. 2004 Mar-Apr;75(2):542-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00692.x.
The present research investigated the link between perceived event memorability and false-event rejection. In 2 studies, event salience, plausibility, and recency were manipulated. Study 1 showed that high-salience events elicited higher memorability ratings than low-salience events for 5-, 7-, 9-year-olds and adults. Plausibility and recency affected only 9-year-olds' and adults' judgments. Study 2 demonstrated that younger versus older children and adults were less likely to reject false events, and that older children and adults were more likely to reject false events based on salience than were younger children. High-recency false events were more likely to be rejected than low-recency false events. Consistent with prediction, recency moderated the effect of salience. The development of metamemorial awareness and rejection strategies is discussed.
本研究调查了感知到的事件可记忆性与错误事件拒绝之间的联系。在两项研究中，对事件的显著性、合理性和新近性进行了操控。研究1表明，对于5岁、7岁、9岁儿童及成年人而言，高显著性事件比低显著性事件引发了更高的可记忆性评分。合理性和新近性仅影响9岁儿童及成年人的判断。研究2表明，年幼儿童与年长儿童及成年人相比，拒绝错误事件的可能性更小，而且年长儿童和成年人基于显著性拒绝错误事件的可能性比年幼儿童更大。高新近性的错误事件比低新近性的错误事件更有可能被拒绝。与预测一致，新近性调节了显著性的影响。文中还讨论了元记忆意识和拒绝策略的发展。
