Katon W, Schulberg H
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992 Jul;14(4):237-47. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(92)90094-q.
Major depressive disorder has been recently found to be associated with high medical utilization and more functional impairment than most chronic medical illnesses. Major depression is a common illness among persons in the community, in ambulatory medical clinics, and in inpatient medical care. Studies have estimated that major depression occurs in 2%-4% of persons in the community, in 5%-10% of primary care patients, and 10%-14% of medical inpatients. In each setting there are two to three times as many persons with depressive symptoms that fall short of major depression criteria. Recent studies have found that in one-third to one-half of patients with major depression, the symptoms persist over a 6-month to one-year period. The majority of longitudinal studies have determined that severity of initial depressive symptoms and the presence of a comorbid medical illness were predictors of persistence of depression.
最近发现，重度抑郁症与高医疗利用率以及比大多数慢性疾病更多的功能损害有关。重度抑郁症在社区人群、门诊医疗诊所患者以及住院医疗患者中都很常见。研究估计，社区中2%-4%的人、初级保健患者中5%-10%的人以及住院患者中10%-14%的人患有重度抑郁症。在每种情况下，有抑郁症状但未达到重度抑郁症标准的人数是达到标准人数的两到三倍。最近的研究发现，三分之一到一半的重度抑郁症患者症状会持续6个月到1年。大多数纵向研究已经确定，初始抑郁症状的严重程度和并存的内科疾病是抑郁症持续存在的预测因素。
