Singh M, Chaudhry M A, Yadava J N, Sanyal S C
Department of Microbiology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1992 Feb;29(2):159-68. doi: 10.1093/jac/29.2.159.
This study was undertaken to assess the spectrum of drug resistance prevalent in Escherichia coli isolates from human and animal populations in Northern India. Three hundred and two isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from various infections of humans (47 from diarrhoea; 101 from urinary tract infection) and veterinary animals (17 from poultry septicaemia; 75 from bovine diarrhoea; 14 from ovine diarrhoea and 48 from equine metritis) were studied for their susceptibility to ampicillin, cephaloridine, amoxycillin, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. 63.2% of the isolates (37.7%, human; 25.5%, animal) were resistant to one or more drugs, of which about 41% isolates were multiresistant. Resistant isolates had a wide range of MIC values from 12 to 3200 mg/L, irrespective of origin. Most of the isolates (43.5%) were resistant to ampicillin (MIC greater than 16 mg/L) followed by oxytetracycline (MIC greater than 5 mg/L) (36.4%). Only 9.3% isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (MIC greater than 21 mg/L). The E. coli isolated from animals tended to be resistant to fewer antibiotics than those isolated from man. 99% of the isolates from human urinary tract infection were resistant compared to only 48.9% of the isolates from diarrhoea. Most of the resistant isolates from animals were recovered from diarrhoea, followed by septicaemia and metritis. This study shows that a high frequency of multiresistant strains are prevalent in both human and animal bacterial populations of Northern India. Since the exchange of these strains among both populations is possible, they pose a great risk in both the selection and the spread of resistance.
本研究旨在评估印度北部人类和动物群体中分离出的大肠杆菌菌株的耐药谱。对从人类各种感染（47例腹泻；101例尿路感染）和兽医动物（17例家禽败血症；75例牛腹泻；14例羊腹泻和48例马子宫内膜炎）中分离出的302株大肠杆菌进行了氨苄西林、头孢菌素、阿莫西林、氯唑西林、土霉素、强力霉素、氯霉素、庆大霉素和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑的药敏试验。63.2%的菌株（37.7%为人类；25.5%为动物）对一种或多种药物耐药，其中约41%的菌株为多重耐药。无论来源如何，耐药菌株的MIC值范围很广，从12到3200mg/L。大多数菌株（43.5%）对氨苄西林耐药（MIC大于16mg/L），其次是土霉素（MIC大于5mg/L）（36.4%）。只有9.3%的菌株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药（MIC大于21mg/L）。从动物中分离出的大肠杆菌比从人类中分离出的对更少的抗生素耐药。99%的人类尿路感染分离株耐药，而腹泻分离株仅为48.9%。动物中大多数耐药分离株来自腹泻，其次是败血症和子宫内膜炎。本研究表明，印度北部人类和动物细菌群体中多重耐药菌株的频率很高。由于这些菌株在两个群体之间都有可能交换，它们在耐药性的选择和传播方面都构成了巨大风险。
