Wendel-Vos G C Wanda, Schuit A Jantine, de Niet Raymond, Boshuizen Hendriek C, Saris Wim H M, Kromhout Daan
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Apr;36(4):725-30. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000121955.03461.0a.
The purpose of this study was to identify factors of the physical environment that may influence time spent on walking and bicycling.
Demographic factors and time spent on walking and bicycling (during leisure time and for commuting purposes) were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire. GIS databases were used to objectively measure the total square area of green space and recreational space (woods, parks, sport grounds, allotments for vegetable gardens, and grounds for day trips) in a circle around the postal code of a respondent with a radius of 300 and 500 m. Multilevel regression analysis was used to study the association between walking and bicycling on the one hand, and green and recreational space on the other hand. Analyses were adjusted for gender, age, and educational level.
In a neighborhood defined as a circle with a 300-m radius, the square area of sport grounds was associated with bicycling in general and the square area of parks was associated with bicycling for commuting purposes. It is, however, very likely that these results reflect the association of living in the outskirts of town and time spent on bicycling.
The present study showed green and recreational space, specifically sport grounds and parks, to be associated with time spent on bicycling.
本研究旨在确定可能影响步行和骑自行车时间的物理环境因素。
通过自填式问卷评估人口统计学因素以及步行和骑自行车的时间（休闲时间和通勤时间）。地理信息系统（GIS）数据库用于客观测量以受访者邮政编码为中心、半径为300米和500米的圆形区域内绿地和休闲空间（树林、公园、运动场、菜园用地和一日游场地）的总面积。采用多水平回归分析研究步行和骑自行车与绿地和休闲空间之间的关联。分析针对性别、年龄和教育水平进行了调整。
在定义为半径300米的圆形区域的社区中，运动场的面积与总体骑自行车情况相关，公园的面积与通勤骑自行车相关。然而，这些结果很可能反映了居住在城镇郊区与骑自行车时间之间的关联。
本研究表明，绿地和休闲空间，特别是运动场和公园，与骑自行车的时间相关。
