Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 20;11:1198439. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1198439. eCollection 2023.
Green space may provide many benefits to residents' health behaviors and body weight status, but the evidence is still relatively scattered among Chinese adults. The purpose of this study was to review the scientific evidence on the effects of green space on physical activity (PA) and body weight status among Chinese adults.
A keyword and reference search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. Studies examining the associations between green space and PA, body mass index (BMI) among Chinese adults were included. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health's Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Study Quality Assessment Tool.
A total of 31 studies were included that met the inclusion criteria, including 25 studies with a cross-sectional design, 3 studies with a longitudinal design, and 3 studies with an experimental design. Street-level green view index and green space accessibility were found to be positively associated with PA, but negatively associated with BMI. In most studies, there was a correlation between green space ratio in local areas and BMI. In addition, green space interventions were effective in increasing PA and decreasing BMI among Chinese adults. In contrast, further evidence is needed to support the association between the design characteristics of green space and PA and BMI.
Preliminary evidence suggests that green space has a positive effect on PA and BMI among Chinese adults. However, there are contradictory findings, and future studies adopting longitudinal and quasi-experimental studies are needed to further explore the causal relationship between green space and PA and BMI to provide a relevant theoretical basis for policymakers.
绿色空间可能会给居民的健康行为和体重状况带来诸多益处，但针对中国成年人的相关证据仍然较为分散。本研究旨在综述绿色空间对中国成年人身体活动和体重状况影响的科学证据。
通过 Pubmed、Web of Science、MEDLINE 和 PsycINFO 数据库进行关键词和参考文献检索，纳入研究绿色空间与中国成年人身体活动、身体质量指数（BMI）之间关系的文献。采用美国国立卫生研究院的观察性队列和横断面研究质量评估工具对纳入文献的质量进行评估。
共纳入 31 项符合纳入标准的研究，包括 25 项横断面设计研究、3 项纵向设计研究和 3 项实验设计研究。街道层面的绿色景观指数和绿色空间可达性与身体活动呈正相关，与 BMI 呈负相关。在大多数研究中，局部地区的绿色空间比例与 BMI 呈正相关。此外，绿色空间干预措施在中国成年人中增加身体活动和降低 BMI 方面是有效的。相比之下，需要进一步的证据来支持绿色空间设计特征与身体活动和 BMI 之间的关联。
初步证据表明，绿色空间对中国成年人的身体活动和 BMI 有积极影响。然而，研究结果存在矛盾之处，未来需要采用纵向和准实验研究进一步探讨绿色空间与身体活动和 BMI 之间的因果关系，为政策制定者提供相关的理论依据。
