Chan Wee Shian
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Women's College Ambulatory Care Centre, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1B2, Canada.
Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2004 Apr;6(2):151-158. doi: 10.1007/s11936-004-0043-2.
Venous thromboembolism is a major preventable cause of maternal mortality in developed countries. Following objective diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, appropriate treatment with anticoagulation should be initiated. The therapeutic options in pregnancy are limited to the use of either unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin. Oral anticoagulants, like warfarin, are relatively contraindicated for use during pregnancy for the treatment of venous thromboembolism because they freely cross the placenta and can be associated with adverse fetal effects. The appropriate length of treatment for acute venous thromboembolic disease diagnosed during pregnancy should be at least 3 months and possibly up till 6 weeks after delivery.
在发达国家，静脉血栓栓塞是孕产妇死亡的一个主要可预防原因。在客观诊断为深静脉血栓形成或肺栓塞后，应开始适当的抗凝治疗。孕期的治疗选择仅限于使用普通肝素或低分子肝素。口服抗凝剂，如华法林，在孕期治疗静脉血栓栓塞相对禁忌，因为它们可自由穿过胎盘并可能对胎儿产生不良影响。孕期诊断的急性静脉血栓栓塞性疾病的适当治疗时长应至少为3个月，可能直至产后6周。
