Milliken C E, Meier G P, Sowers K R, May H D
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425-2230, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Apr;70(4):2494-6. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.4.2494-2496.2004.
Chlorinated hydroquinones of biological origin are fully dechlorinated to 1,4-dihydroquinone by anaerobic bacteria such as Desulfitobacterium spp. (C. E. Milliken, G. P. Meier, J. E. M. Watts, K. R. Sowers, and H. D. May, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:385-392, 2004). In the present study, mixed microbial communities from Baltimore Harbor sediment and a pure culture of Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE1 were discovered to demethylate, reductively dehydroxylate, and dechlorinate chlorinated hydroquinones into chlorophenols. Mixed microbial cultures from a freshwater source and several other desulfitobacteria in pure culture did not perform these reactions. Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE1 degraded 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-methoxyphenol, a metabolite of basidiomycete fungi, to 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol and 2,3,5-trichlorophenol, recalcitrant compounds that are primarily synthesized anthropogenically.
生物源氯化对苯二酚可被厌氧细菌如脱硫脱硫弧菌属（Desulfitobacterium spp.）完全脱氯生成1,4 - 二氢醌（C. E. 米利肯、G. P. 迈尔、J. E. M. 瓦茨、K. R. 索尔斯和H. D. 梅，《应用与环境微生物学》70:385 - 392，2004年）。在本研究中，发现来自巴尔的摩港沉积物的混合微生物群落以及脱硫脱硫弧菌属菌株PCE1的纯培养物可将氯化对苯二酚进行去甲基化、还原脱羟基和脱氯反应生成氯酚。来自淡水水源的混合微生物培养物以及其他几种纯培养的脱硫脱硫弧菌则不能进行这些反应。脱硫脱硫弧菌属菌株PCE1将担子菌真菌的一种代谢产物2,3,5,6 - 四氯 - 4 - 甲氧基苯酚降解为2,3,5,6 - 四氯苯酚和2,3,5 - 三氯苯酚，这两种难降解化合物主要是人为合成的。
