Fritschi Lin, Ambrosini Gina L, Kliewer Erich V, Johnson Kenneth C
School of Population Health M435, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Apr;13(4):532-7.
This study aimed to determine whether fish intake was protective against leukemia, multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and if our previous finding of a protective effect of fish-related occupations on the risk of these diseases was due to dietary intake of fish. We used data from a population-based case-control study undertaken in Canada in 1994-1998. Dietary information was available for 919 leukemia cases, 287 myeloma cases, 1418 NHL cases, and 4202 controls. The risk of each of the three cancers was determined using multiple logistic regression analysis according to quartiles of weekly fresh fish intake, percentage of total energy intake from fresh fish, and percentage of total fat intake from fresh fish. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, BMI, and proxy status, people who consumed greater proportions of their total energy intake from fresh fish had a significantly lower risk of each of the three types of cancer, and there was a significant dose-response for risk of leukemia and NHL. Those in the highest quartile for percentage of fat intake from fish were at lowest risk: leukemia odds ratio (OR) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-0.89; multiple myeloma OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45-0.90; NHL OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.60-0.85; and all LH cancers combined OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.81. The protective effect previously observed for working with fish on the risk of leukemia and lymphoma was independent of fish intake. These findings suggest that a diet high in fish may be protective against lymphohematopoietic cancers and confirm the reduced risk among fish workers.
本研究旨在确定鱼类摄入是否对白血病、多发性骨髓瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）具有保护作用，以及我们之前发现的与鱼类相关职业对这些疾病风险具有保护作用是否归因于鱼类的饮食摄入。我们使用了1994年至1998年在加拿大进行的一项基于人群的病例对照研究的数据。有919例白血病病例、287例骨髓瘤病例、1418例NHL病例和4202名对照者的饮食信息。根据每周新鲜鱼类摄入量的四分位数、新鲜鱼类占总能量摄入量的百分比以及新鲜鱼类占总脂肪摄入量的百分比，使用多因素逻辑回归分析确定这三种癌症各自的风险。在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、体重指数和代理状态后，从新鲜鱼类中摄入总能量比例较高的人群患这三种癌症的风险显著较低，并且白血病和NHL的风险存在显著的剂量反应关系。鱼类脂肪摄入量百分比处于最高四分位数的人群风险最低：白血病优势比（OR）为0.72，95%置信区间（CI）为0.58 - 0.89；多发性骨髓瘤OR为0.64，95% CI为0.45 - 0.90；NHL OR为0.71，95% CI为0.60 - 0.85；所有白血病和淋巴瘤合并癌症的OR为0.70，95% CI为0.61 - 0.81。先前观察到的从事与鱼类相关工作对白血病和淋巴瘤风险的保护作用与鱼类摄入量无关。这些发现表明，富含鱼类的饮食可能对淋巴造血系统癌症具有保护作用，并证实了鱼类从业者风险降低。
