Kestenbaum R, Nelson C A
University of Michigan.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1992 Aug;54(1):1-18. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(92)90014-w.
Event-related potentials (ERPs), accuracy scores, and reaction times were used to examine the recognition of emotional expressions. Adults and 7-year-old children saw upright and inverted chromatic slides of the facial expressions of happiness, fear, surprise, and anger, and were asked to press a button for either "happy" or "angry" faces. A positive-going waveform (P300) was apparent at parietal scalp (Pz) and at left and right temporal scalp. Although the behavioral data were similar for both children and adults (e.g., both had more difficulty recognizing angry expressions than happy ones, and angry expressions were more difficult to recognize upside-down than were happy faces), the ERPs indicated that children responded differently than adults did to happy and angry expressions. Adults showed greater P300 amplitude to happy faces, while children showed greater P300 amplitude to angry faces. In addition, for adults, but not children, there were greater P300 amplitude responses at right vs. left temporal scalp.
事件相关电位（ERP）、准确率得分和反应时间被用于检验对情绪表情的识别。成人和7岁儿童观看了幸福、恐惧、惊讶和愤怒面部表情的正立和倒置彩色幻灯片，并被要求对“幸福”或“愤怒”的面孔按下按钮。在顶叶头皮（Pz）以及左右颞叶头皮出现了正向波形（P300）。尽管儿童和成人的行为数据相似（例如，两者识别愤怒表情都比识别幸福表情更困难，且愤怒表情倒置时比幸福面孔更难识别），但ERP表明儿童对幸福和愤怒表情的反应与成人不同。成人对幸福面孔表现出更大的P300波幅，而儿童对愤怒面孔表现出更大的P300波幅。此外，对于成人而非儿童，右侧颞叶头皮的P300波幅反应大于左侧。
