Crogan Neva L, Evans Bronwynne, Velasquez Donna
University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ 85721-0203, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2004 Apr;59(4):370-7. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.4.m370.
Malnutrition impacts the quality of life and general health of many older persons living in our nation's 20,000 nursing homes (1). Despite the urgency of this issue, no instrument that measures resident satisfaction with food and food service was found in an extensive literature search. The purpose of this article is to describe the development and initial testing of a resident satisfaction with food and food service questionnaire (FoodEx-LTC) in the context of the Quality Nutrition Outcomes-Long-Term Care Model.
This pilot study was conducted in two phases. During phase one the instrument was developed, peer-reviewed, and pretested. Phase two further tested the instrument using a correlational design, measuring both intermediate and long-term outcomes found on the Quality Nutrition Outcomes-Long-Term Care Model.
Hypothesis testing was used to measure construct validity. 4 of 5 FoodEx-LTC domains were significantly correlated with depression, 2 of 5 with serum albumin. The FoodEx-LTC demonstrates acceptable reliability for a new instrument. The coefficient alpha scores ranged from.69-.87 and test-retest correlations ranged from.55-.89, dependent upon domain.
FoodEx-LTC appears to be a valid and reliable measure of resident food and food service satisfaction in nursing homes. This line of inquiry is of great importance because perceived quality of food and food service are strongly related to quality of life for residents in nursing homes, and adequate food intake is integral to maintaining weight and preventing protein-calorie malnutrition among elderly residents.
营养不良影响着我国20000家养老院中许多老年人的生活质量和总体健康状况（1）。尽管这个问题十分紧迫，但在广泛的文献检索中，未发现有测量居民对食物和餐饮服务满意度的工具。本文旨在描述在优质营养成果-长期护理模型背景下，居民食物和餐饮服务满意度调查问卷（FoodEx-LTC）的开发及初步测试情况。
这项试点研究分两个阶段进行。在第一阶段，开发该工具并进行同行评审和预测试。第二阶段使用相关设计进一步测试该工具，测量优质营养成果-长期护理模型中的中期和长期结果。
采用假设检验来衡量结构效度。FoodEx-LTC的5个领域中有4个与抑郁显著相关，5个领域中有2个与血清白蛋白显著相关。FoodEx-LTC作为一种新工具，显示出可接受的信度。系数α得分范围为0.69 - 0.87，重测相关性范围为0.55 - 0.89，具体取决于领域。
FoodEx-LTC似乎是衡量养老院居民对食物和餐饮服务满意度的有效且可靠的工具。这一研究方向非常重要，因为食物和餐饮服务的感知质量与养老院居民的生活质量密切相关，充足的食物摄入对于维持老年居民体重和预防蛋白质-热量营养不良至关重要。
