Chittka L, Beier W, Hertel H, Steinmann E, Menzel R
Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Biologie, Institut für Neurobiologie, FRG.
J Comp Physiol A. 1992 Jun;170(5):545-63. doi: 10.1007/BF00199332.
Behavioural tests were carried out with 9 hymenopteran insect species, which ranked certain sets of coloured stimuli according to their subjective similarity to a previously memorized stimulus. Kendall's tau co-efficient is employed for the analysis of correlation between these similarity rankings and the colour distance rankings predicted by various models of neural colour computation. The models are based on the measured spectral sensitivities of photoreceptor colour types and use a variety of simple colour coding systems to derive hypothetical colour distances. The correlation between the predictions of the models and the behavioural results serves as a measure for the likelihood of existence of a colour coding system. In all species, the similarity rankings can be best explained by assuming that colour is coded on a perceptual level by two colour opponent mechanisms. Brightness differences are ignored, indicating that an intensity-coding sub-system is not used in colour discrimination by the insects investigated. The weighting factors of the colour opponent mechanisms differ between species in detail, but not in the principles involved. It is thus possible to employ a standard measure of perceptual colour distance (colour hexagon distance) to predict the capacities of colour discrimination adequately in all the tested insects.
对9种膜翅目昆虫进行了行为测试，这些昆虫根据与先前记忆刺激的主观相似性对某些颜色刺激组进行排序。肯德尔tau系数用于分析这些相似性排序与各种神经颜色计算模型预测的颜色距离排序之间的相关性。这些模型基于对光感受器颜色类型的测量光谱敏感度，并使用各种简单的颜色编码系统来推导假设的颜色距离。模型预测与行为结果之间的相关性作为颜色编码系统存在可能性的一种度量。在所有物种中，通过假设颜色在感知层面由两种颜色对立机制编码，可以最好地解释相似性排序。亮度差异被忽略，这表明所研究的昆虫在颜色辨别中不使用强度编码子系统。颜色对立机制的加权因子在不同物种之间细节上有所不同，但所涉及的原理相同。因此，可以采用一种感知颜色距离的标准度量（颜色六边形距离）来充分预测所有测试昆虫的颜色辨别能力。
