O'Toole K, Abramowitz A, Morris R, Dulcan M
Department of Neuropsychology, Scottish Rite Children's Medical Center, GA 30342, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;36(4):531-8. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199704000-00016.
To examine effects of methylphenidate (MPH) doses on attention and learning tasks requiring varying levels of processing in 23 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Performance on a continuous performance task (CPT) and two difficulty levels of a nonverbal learning task was evaluated on two doses of MPH (0.3 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg) and placebo.
CPT commission errors were significantly reduced with low-dose MPH compared with placebo while omission errors were not medication-sensitive. Performance on nonverbal learning tasks was significantly improved with MPH. On the easy level of the nonverbal learning task performance improved equally well with either dose. On the hard level, performance was significantly better at the high dose compared with placebo; no between-dose differences emerged across learning trials. However, the high dose was superior to low and placebo doses in memory recall trials.
Impulsivity may be reduced on an attentional task with a low dose of MPH, and a high dose of MPH may optimize retention and recall of complex nonverbal information.
研究哌甲酯（MPH）剂量对23名注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童在需要不同处理水平的注意力和学习任务中的影响。
在两种MPH剂量（0.3毫克/千克和0.8毫克/千克）及安慰剂条件下，评估连续性能任务（CPT）以及非语言学习任务的两个难度水平上的表现。
与安慰剂相比，低剂量MPH显著减少了CPT中的错误反应，而漏报错误对药物不敏感。MPH显著改善了非语言学习任务的表现。在非语言学习任务的简单水平上，两种剂量的表现改善程度相同。在困难水平上，高剂量时的表现显著优于安慰剂；在学习试验中未出现剂量间差异。然而，在记忆回忆试验中，高剂量优于低剂量和安慰剂剂量。
低剂量MPH可能会减少注意力任务中的冲动性，高剂量MPH可能会优化复杂非语言信息的保持和回忆。
