Roy Monique S, Klein Ronald, O'Colmain Benita J, Klein Barbara E K, Moss Scot E, Kempen John H
Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, the University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen Street, Room 6164, Newark, NJ 07101-1709, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr;122(4):546-51. doi: 10.1001/archopht.122.4.546.
To estimate the US prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Prevalence data from the New Jersey 725 and Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy were used to estimate the prevalence of DR by age, gender, and race among persons 18 years and older having type 1 DM diagnosed before age 30 years. Severity of DR was determined via masked grading of 7-field stereoscopic fundus photographs. Any DR was defined as retinopathy severity level of 14 or more; and vision-threatening retinopathy, as retinopathy severity level of 50 or more, the presence of clinically significant macular edema, or both. The estimates of the prevalence of DR among persons with type 1 DM were applied to the estimated number of persons with type 1 DM diagnosed before age 30 years in the 2000 US population to obtain prevalence estimates of DR due to type 1 DM in the general population.
Among 209 million Americans 18 years and older, an estimated 889 000 have type 1 DM diagnosed before age 30 years. Among persons with type 1 DM, the crude prevalences of DR of any level (74.9% vs 82.3% in black and white persons, respectively) and of vision-threatening retinopathy (30.0% vs 32.2%, respectively) are high. The prevalence of DR due to type 1 DM diagnosed before age 30 years in the general population 18 years and older is estimated at 767 000 persons having DR of any level (0.37%), and 376 000 persons having vision-threatening retinopathy (0.18%).
Retinopathy due to type 1 DM is an important public health problem in the United States, affecting 1 per 300 persons 18 years and older, and 1 per 600 persons with advanced, vision-threatening retinopathy.
评估1型糖尿病患者中糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）在美国的患病率。
利用新泽西725研究和威斯康星糖尿病性视网膜病变流行病学研究的患病率数据，估算30岁之前确诊为1型糖尿病的18岁及以上人群中按年龄、性别和种族划分的DR患病率。通过对7视野立体眼底照片进行盲法分级来确定DR的严重程度。任何程度的DR定义为视网膜病变严重程度等级为14或更高；威胁视力的视网膜病变定义为视网膜病变严重程度等级为50或更高、存在临床显著性黄斑水肿或两者皆有。将1型糖尿病患者中DR患病率的估算值应用于2000年美国人口中30岁之前确诊为1型糖尿病的人群数量估算值，以获得普通人群中1型糖尿病所致DR的患病率估算值。
在1.8亿18岁及以上的美国人中，估计有88.9万人在30岁之前被诊断为1型糖尿病。在1型糖尿病患者中，任何程度DR的粗患病率（黑人与白人分别为74.9%和82.3%）以及威胁视力的视网膜病变的粗患病率（分别为30.0%和32.2%）都很高。在18岁及以上普通人群中，30岁之前确诊为1型糖尿病所致DR的患病率估计为76.7万人有任何程度的DR（0.37%），以及37.6万人有威胁视力的视网膜病变（0.18%）。
1型糖尿病所致视网膜病变在美国是一个重要的公共卫生问题，每300名18岁及以上人群中就有1人受影响，每600名患有晚期、威胁视力的视网膜病变的人群中就有1人受影响。
