Mugetti Ana Cristina, Calcagno Alberto Tomás, Brieva Carlos Alberto, Giangiobbe María Silvia, Pagani Andrea, Gonzalez Silvia
Argentine Institute of Water Resources, Patagonian Shelf's Focus for the Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA-UNEP), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Ambio. 2004 Feb;33(1-2):78-87.
This paper describes the environmental characteristics and situation of aquatic habitats and communities in southern continental and maritime areas of southeastern South America (Patagonian Shelf GIWA Subregion), resulting from an overall assessment carried out within the framework of a GIWA project, mostly on the basis of publicly available data. The main focus of the analysis was on the current situation of transboundary water resources and anthropogenic impacts. In the inland waters, habitat and community modifications result, principally, from dams and reservoirs built in the main watercourses for hydroelectric power generation and other uses. The transformation of lotic environments into lentic ones have affected habitats and altered biotic communities. In the La Plata River basin, invasive exotic species have displaced native ones. Habitats in the ocean have been degraded, as their biodiversity becomes affected by overfishing and pollution. This article includes a discussion on the causal chain and the policy options elaborated for the Coastal Ecosystem of Buenos Aires province and the Argentinean-Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone, where fishing resources are shared by both countries.
本文描述了南美洲东南部（巴塔哥尼亚大陆架全球环境展望次区域）南部大陆和海洋地区水生栖息地及群落的环境特征与状况，这是在全球环境展望项目框架内进行的全面评估的结果，主要基于公开可得的数据。分析的主要重点是跨界水资源的现状和人为影响。在内陆水域，栖息地和群落的改变主要是由于在主要水道上修建水坝和水库用于水力发电及其他用途。流水环境转变为静水环境影响了栖息地并改变了生物群落。在拉普拉塔河流域，外来入侵物种已取代了本地物种。海洋中的栖息地已经退化，因为其生物多样性受到过度捕捞和污染的影响。本文还讨论了因果链以及为布宜诺斯艾利斯省沿海生态系统和阿根廷 - 乌拉圭共同捕鱼区制定的政策选项，这两个区域的渔业资源由两国共享。
