Trak-Fellermeier M A, Brasche S, Winkler G, Koletzko B, Heinrich J
Institute of Epidemiology, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Postfach 11 29, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Eur Respir J. 2004 Apr;23(4):575-82. doi: 10.1183/09031936.04.00074404.
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between dietary intake of selected foods and fatty acids with atopic disease prevalence in adults. Data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey in Erfurt, combined with a 3-day weighed records dietary survey, was used. Complete data was available from 469 males and 333 females aged 20-64 yrs. Multiple logistic regression was applied comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of dietary exposures and linear trends were tested stratified by sex. In males, margarine intake and a high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids were positively associated with hay fever. In females, a high intake of total fat, palmitoleic and oleic acids were positively associated with sensitisation. A high total fat, high monounsaturated fatty acid and high oleic acid consumption were positively associated with hay fever. Whilst an excessive intake of fat or imbalance in fat intake, particular of monounsaturated fatty acids, increased the risk for hay fever and allergic sensitisation in females, mostly no significant associations were found for males. Dietary factors were mostly not related with prevalence rates of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopic eczema either in males or in females.
该研究的目的是评估特定食物和脂肪酸的膳食摄入量与成人特应性疾病患病率之间的关系。研究使用了来自爱尔福特的欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查的数据，并结合了一项为期3天的称重记录膳食调查。共有469名年龄在20至64岁之间的男性和333名女性提供了完整数据。应用多因素逻辑回归比较膳食暴露量最高四分位数与最低四分位数，并按性别分层检验线性趋势。在男性中，人造黄油摄入量以及ω-6与ω-3脂肪酸的高比例与花粉症呈正相关。在女性中，总脂肪、棕榈油酸和油酸的高摄入量与致敏呈正相关。总脂肪摄入量高、单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量高和油酸摄入量高与花粉症呈正相关。虽然脂肪摄入过多或脂肪摄入失衡，尤其是单不饱和脂肪酸摄入失衡，会增加女性患花粉症和过敏致敏的风险，但在男性中大多未发现显著关联。膳食因素在男性或女性中大多与支气管高反应性和特应性皮炎的患病率无关。
