Cantu R C
Phys Sportsmed. 1986 Oct;14(10):75-83. doi: 10.1080/00913847.1986.11709197.
In brief: Cerebral concussion occurs frequently in contact sports; more than 250,000 concussions occur annually in football alone. Definitions and classifications of severity of concussion vary, which makes evaluation of data extremely difficult. By combining elements of various definitions, the author has developed a practical, on-the-field grading scheme for identifying concussion in contact sports (grade 1: mild, with no loss of consciousness; grade 2: moderate, with less than five minutes of unconsciousness or more than 30 minutes of posttraumatic amnesia; grade 3: severe, with five or more minutes of unconsciousness or 24 or more hours of posttraumatic amnesia). Also discussed are management of concussion and guidelines for determining when an athlete may safely return to play.
脑震荡在接触性运动中频繁发生；仅橄榄球运动每年就发生超过25万次脑震荡。脑震荡严重程度的定义和分类各不相同，这使得数据评估极其困难。通过结合各种定义的要素，作者制定了一种实用的现场分级方案，用于识别接触性运动中的脑震荡（1级：轻度，无意识丧失；2级：中度，无意识时间少于5分钟或创伤后遗忘超过30分钟；3级：重度，无意识时间5分钟或更长或创伤后遗忘24小时或更长）。还讨论了脑震荡的处理以及确定运动员何时可以安全重返比赛的指南。
