Xitco Mark J, Gory John D, Kuczaj Stan A
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Code 235, 53560 Hull Street, CA 92152-5001, San Diego, USA.
Anim Cogn. 2004 Oct;7(4):231-8. doi: 10.1007/s10071-004-0217-z. Epub 2004 Apr 14.
In 2001, Xitco et al. (Anim Cogn 4:115-123) described spontaneous behaviors in two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) that resembled pointing and gaze alternation. The dolphins' spontaneous behavior was influenced by the presence of a potential receiver, and the distance between the dolphin and the receiver. The present study adapted the technique of Call and Tomasello [(1994) J Comp Psychol 108:307-317], used with orangutans to test the effect of the receiver's orientation on pointing in these same dolphins. The dolphins directed more points and monitoring behavior at receivers whose orientation was consistent with attending to the dolphins. The results demonstrated that the dolphins' pointing and monitoring behavior, like that of apes and infants, was linked to the attentional behavior of the receiver.
2001年，西特科等人（《动物认知》4：115 - 123）描述了两只宽吻海豚（宽吻海豚）的自发行为，这些行为类似于指示和目光交替。海豚的自发行为受到潜在接收者的存在以及海豚与接收者之间距离的影响。本研究采用了卡尔和托马塞洛（1994年，《比较心理学杂志》108：307 - 317）用于猩猩的技术，来测试接收者的方向对这些宽吻海豚指示行为的影响。海豚会更多地指向并监测那些方向与关注海豚一致的接收者。结果表明，海豚的指示和监测行为，与猿类和婴儿的行为一样，与接收者的注意力行为有关。
